Unit 31.txt

  1. Anion
    Negative Ion
  2. Bicarbonate (HCO3-)
    Buffer to maintain normal acidity levels in the blood and other fluids
  3. Cation
    Positive electrolyte
  4. Chloride (Cl-)
    Major anion found in fluids OUTSIDE cells and INSIDE blood
  5. Colloids
    Proteins or large particles that stay suspended in blood; too large to cross membranes
  6. Crystalloids
    IV solutions that contain electrolytes similar to plasma
  7. Edema
    Presents of excess fluid and swelling in tissue and body spaces
  8. Electrolytes
    Small, charged molecules essential for homeostasis and play a major role in body chemistry
  9. Extracellular fluid
    Fluids outside cells, mainly consisting of plasma found in blood vessels
  10. Homeostasis
    Contrant fluid and electrolyte balance maintained within the body. aa in ; aa out
  11. Hypernatremia
    Excessive sodium levels
  12. Hyponutremia
    Deficient sodium levels
  13. Hyperchloremia
    Excessive chloride levels
  14. Hypochloremia
    Deficient chloride levels
  15. Hyperkalemia
    Excessive potassium levels
  16. Hypokalemia
    Deficient potassium levels
  17. Hypercalcemia
    Excessive calcium levels
  18. Hypocalcemia
    Deficient calcium levels
  19. Hypermagnesemia
    Excessive magnesium levels
  20. Hypomegnesemia
    Deficient magnesium levels
  21. Hypertonic
    Higher osmolarity then serum
  22. Isotonic fluids
    Close to the same osmolarity as serum
  23. Hypotonic
    Less osmolarity then serum
  24. Osmolarity
    Osmotic pressure of a solution. Expressed as osmoles or millimoles per litre of fluid. (mmol/L)
  25. Intracellular Fluids
    Fluid inside cells
  26. Ions
    Charged (- or +) particles
  27. mEq
    Unit used to measure ionic charges or electrovalent bonds in a solution.
  28. Sodium (Na+)
    Chief electrolyte OUTSIDE of cells
  29. Potassium (K+)
    Major electrolyte INSIDE cells
  30. Magnesium (Mg2+)
    Fourth most common electrolyte. Mostly found in bone.
  31. Calcium ( Ca2+)
    Essential Cation Electrolyte
  32. Phosphorus (PO4-)
    Essential Anion Electrolyte. Maintains membrane structure, energy storage and cell transport
  33. Compounds
    • Formed when a cation and anion combine;
    • (Na+) & (Cl-) = (NaCl)
  34. Loop Diuretics
    Most potent diurectic. Stimulates kidney to eliminate excess water, sodium, potassium and calcium.
  35. Types of Loop Diuretics
    • bumetanide - Burinex
    • furosemide - Lasix
    • torsemide
  36. Loop Diuretics Warning Labels
    • Eat bananas and oj
    • Dizziness
    • Avoid prolonged sun
    • Some OTCs can aggrivate
  37. Types of Electrolytes Replacements
    • sodium chloride
    • calcium carbonate
    • calcium chloride
    • potassium chloride
    • potassium phosphate
    • magnesium sulfate
    • magnesium oxide
  38. Electro Replacement Warning Labels
    • NaCl - full glass of H20
    • Cal carb - cc and no iron
    • CaCl - dont inject to IM
    • KCl - w/ H20, whole, dil pwdr
    • KPh and rest, monitor heart Low BP, respiratory depression, diarrhea
  39. Main IV Fluids
    • Isotonic
    • Hypotonic
    • Hypertonic
  40. Main Fluid Groups
    • Crystalloid
    • Colliod
Author
Cloe
ID
90672
Card Set
Unit 31.txt
Description
Electrolyte and Fluid Treatments
Updated