Sport Psyc

• Intrinsic motivation: 1. Know, 2. Accomplishment, 3. Experience stimulation
• Extrinsic motivation: 1. External regulation, 2. Introjected regulation (internalized, ought), 3. Identified regulation (valued outcome)

• 1. Controlling aspects (pervceived to control)
• 2. Informational aspects (competence)
• 3. Success and failure (success increases i.m.)
• 4. Function and significance

• team move progressively through stages:
• 1. forming (familiarizing)
• 2. storming (resistance, conflict)
• 3. norming (cooperation)
• 4. performing (problem solving)
• 5. adjourning (dissolving)

• 1. social support (respect and cohesion)
• 2. Proximity (close interactions)
• 3. distinctiveness (oneness)
• 4. similarity

• groups shift in response to env
• 1. orientation
• 2. differentiation and conflict
• 3. resoluation and cohesion
• 4. differentiation and conflict
• 5. termination

• 1. role clarity (understanding)
• 2. role acceptance

• 1. compatability and assessment
• 2. coach communication
• 3. athlete perception

Actual productivity = protential productivity - losses

• pp = possible best performance
• l = motivation and coordination

individual performance decreases as number of people in group increases

individuals put less than 100% effort due to losses in motivation

• 1. multidimensional
• 2. Dynamic (increase or decrease)
• 3. instrumental
• 4. affective (emotional component)

• 1. task (goal)
• 2. social (company)

• 1. Personal factors
• 2. Environmental factors
• 3. Leadership factors
• 4. Team factors

• 1. questionnarire (group integration, individual attraction--task and socal subscale)
• 2. sociogram

• 1. increase distinctiveness
• 2. identify individual positions
• 3. group norms
• 4. individual sacrifices
• 5. interaction and communication

• Factors influencing transition
• 1. nature of the transition
• 2. nature of the environment
• 3. individual characteristics

• individual:
• 1. anticipatory socialization
• 2. goal setting
• 3. career planning

• team:
• 1. define role clarity
• 2. facilitate group interaction

• 1. interactions (integrating new members)
• 2. relationships (conflict management)
• 3. group processes (leadership, instrumental)
• 4. individual (personal characteristics)

• 1. fair play
• 2. character (compassion, fairness, good sporting beh, integrity)
• 3. good sporting beh

moral reasoning depends on psychological growth and development in a child in the env

personal elements and social factors affect morality adn character in socail learning approach

• 1. define
• 2. reinforce and encourage
• 3. model
• 4. explain

• 1. differential association (time)
• 2. social bonding theory (prosocial)
• 3. labeling hypothesis (preferred treatment)
• 4. economic strain (reduced)

• two main predictors beh choice:
• 1. child's expectation for success
• 2. task value

• parents are:
• 1. interpretors
• 2. providers
• 3. socializers of experience

• 1. beh
• 2. harm or injury
• 3. directed toward a living organism
• 4. intent

hostile aggression

instrumental aggression

any intention to harm is assertive beh.s

game reasoning (bracketed morality or sport exceptionalism)

• 1. Catharsis
• 2. Frustration-aggression (blocked goals --> f--> a)
• 3. social learning theory (shaped by env and reinforcements)
• 4. revised frustration-aggression theory (increases likelihood of aggression, socially learned cues make aggression apropriate)

• Person factors (trait)
• situation factors (conditions, cues)

Internal state (arousal)

appraisal and decision process

• Thoughtful aggressive action (premeditated)
• Impulsive aggressive action

• -deliberate response to an earlier incident to defend pride or honor, implicitly sanctioned
• -Justifications: 1. deter opponents, 2. promote team unity

• 1. sport-specific
• 2. sport-general

Affliation motive

FASE FS

• 1. Fun
• 2. Affliation -group activities
• 3. Success -gradual building of skills
• 4. Excitement -variety
• 5. Fitness
• 6. Skill Development -successive approximation

• Good sporting beh learned through:
• 1. modeling or observational learning
• 2. reinforcement
• 3. social comparison

• 1. concern and respect
• 2. full commitment
• 3. absence of (-) approach

• 1. External control -okay if not caught
• 2. Eye for an eye
• 3. Golden Rule (altruistic view)
• 4. Following external rules and regulation
• 5. What is best for all involved

overcomittment leading to deviance (excessive drinking, performance-enchancing drugs simply b/c everyone else does it)

• 1. caring
• 2. character
• 3. confidence
• 4. connection
• 5. competence

--> contributing back to society

• Development model of sport participation
• 3 trajectories:
• 1. elite performance through early specialization
• 2. elite performance through sampling
• 3. recreational performance through sampling

• 1. Engagement-contingent rewards
• 2. Completion-contingent
• 3. Tangible
• 4. Performance-contingent
• 5. Expected rewards

• 1. Tangible rewards
• 2. Verbal rewards
• 3. Positive feedback