Fluid and Electrolytes

Range of Potassium

This electrolyte imbalance is commonly caused by massive cell destruction (i.e. burns, crush injuries, tumor lysis) Fever and Sepsis

Manifestations:
Leg weakness or paralysis
V Fib or cardiac standstill
Abdominal Cramping and Diarrhea

Name some treatments of Hyperkalemia that ELIMINATE potassium

Name some treatments of hyperkalemia that force potassium from the ICF to the ECF

How do you reverse the effects of hyperkalemia?

Which electrolye imbalance causes a tall T-wave?

What are some common causes of hypokalemia?

Skeletal muscle weakness, generally in the legs
Respiratory muscle weakness
Decreased GI mobility
Weak irregular pulse
Diaphoresis

How do you treat hypokalemia?

An increase in digoxin toxicity occurs with which electrolyte imbalance?

What is the main cation in the ICF?

What is the main cation of the ECF?

This electrolyte is necessary for normal glycogen deposits in the liver and muscle and maintaing cardiac rhythm.

Together, sodium and potassium are important for what function?

Names some dietary sources of potassium

Which hormone stimulates release of potassium?

Hyperreflexia and areflexia are both signs associated with which electrolyte imbalance?

ACE-inhibitors and NSAIDs use can cause what?

These three electrolytes are similar and the levels should be checked together.

The level of Mg

Name some causes of Hypermagnesemia.

Signs and Symptoms
Lethargy/Drowsiness
Nausea/Vomiting
Impaired reflexes
Resp/Cardiac Arrest
Increased BP
Decreased RR and HR
Diaphoresis

How do you treat mild and severe hypermagnesemia?

This imbalance is commonly caused by:
Starvation
Alcoholism
Loop and Thiazide Diuretics
Malabsorption Disorders

S/S
Confusion/Depression
Hyperactive DTR
Nystagmus
Tremors
+Chvostek and Trousseaus
Difficulty swallowing

How do you treat mild and severe Hypomagnesemia?