science

• the ability to do work or to cause change
• -Heat is a form of energy

• is the movement of the of energy from a warmer object to a cooler one. 3 types : radiation
• conduction
• convection

transfer through empty space

the transfer of energy by direct contact of particles of matter

heat passing through a fluid

is set in motion by the combination of the heating and cooling of fluid, changes in the fluid's density , and the force of gravity. This energy transfer is the force that has changed our Earth's surface over a billion of years.

was wegners hypothesis that all the continents had once been joined together in a single landmass and have since drifted a part. Wegner used three pieces of evidence to support his theory: evidence from landforms, fossils and the climate

scientists who study the forces that make shape the planet

the material that forms the earths hard surface

the study of the planet

shape the surface by building up mountains

are those that slowly wear away mountains and eventually every other feature on the surface

are seven great landmasses that are surrounded by water

a vibration that travel through Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake

the force pushing on a surface or area

the layer of rock that forms earths outer skin

a dark dense rock with fine texture

a rock that has larger crystals than basalt and is not as dense

solid material,hot rock , and is below the crust

uppermost part of the mantle and the crust together form a rigid layer

is a soft layer, layer can flow slowly. The convection currents are in this layer and provide movement for the plates

a layer of molten metal that surrounds the inner core

solid dense ball of metal

asthenosphere

the core

moves plates and changes earths surface

Heat from the core decrease the magma's density, making it light and rise up. When it reaches to the top, it cools down making it very dense. Because it is very dense,gravity pulls it down toward the core.

continental crust

oceanic crust