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energy
- the ability to do work or to cause change
- -Heat is a form of energy
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heat transfer
- is the movement of the of energy from a warmer object to a cooler one. 3 types : radiation
- conduction
- convection
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Radiation
transfer through empty space
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conduction
the transfer of energy by direct contact of particles of matter
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convection current
heat passing through a fluid
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convection current
is set in motion by the combination of the heating and cooling of fluid, changes in the fluid's density , and the force of gravity. This energy transfer is the force that has changed our Earth's surface over a billion of years.
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pangea
was wegners hypothesis that all the continents had once been joined together in a single landmass and have since drifted a part. Wegner used three pieces of evidence to support his theory: evidence from landforms, fossils and the climate
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geologist
scientists who study the forces that make shape the planet
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rock
the material that forms the earths hard surface
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geology
the study of the planet
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constructive forces
shape the surface by building up mountains
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Destructive forces
are those that slowly wear away mountains and eventually every other feature on the surface
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Coninent
are seven great landmasses that are surrounded by water
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seismic wave
a vibration that travel through Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake
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pressure
the force pushing on a surface or area
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crust
the layer of rock that forms earths outer skin
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Basalt
a dark dense rock with fine texture
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Granite
a rock that has larger crystals than basalt and is not as dense
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mantle
solid material,hot rock , and is below the crust
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lithosphere
uppermost part of the mantle and the crust together form a rigid layer
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asthenosphere
is a soft layer, layer can flow slowly. The convection currents are in this layer and provide movement for the plates
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outer core
a layer of molten metal that surrounds the inner core
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inner core
solid dense ball of metal
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Where is the Earth's convection current?
asthenosphere
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Where does heat comes from that drives the convection current in the asthenosphere?
the core
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Why is it sooooo important?
moves plates and changes earths surface
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How does it work?
Heat from the core decrease the magma's density, making it light and rise up. When it reaches to the top, it cools down making it very dense. Because it is very dense,gravity pulls it down toward the core.
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Where is the crust thick?
continental crust
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Where is the crust thin??
oceanic crust
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