microbiology

this occurs when pathogenic microorganisms penetrate the host defense, enter the tussues and multiply

this occurs when the cumulative effects of the infection damage or disrupt tissues and organs

infectious disease is caused by:

sites that harbor known normal biota include:

normal biota can fluctuate with:

this occurs when normal biota interfere wiht the establishment of intruder microorganisms

this type of infections are caused by biota that are already present in the body

these are normally sterile during embryonic and fetal development and remain essentially germ-free until just before birt

a microbe whose relationship with its host is parasitic and results in infection and disease is termed:

true pathogens are also known as these and are capable of causing disease in healthy persons with normal immune defenses

refers tho the severity of disease that can be caused by a particular microbe

any characteristic or structure of the microbe that contributes to injurty of the host is known as:

this is the route by which mircrobe enters the tisssues of the body

this type of a source of an infectious agent can originate from a source outside of the body

this type of source of an infectious agent can already be existing on or in our body

types of portal of entry:

the sites of entry for skin:

the portal of entry for GI tract are:

pathogens that enter the GI tract are adapted to :

the respiratory portal of entry occurs here:

the extent to which an agent is carried into the respiratory tree is based on:

this is an inflammatory condition of the lung that can occur when pathogens are inhaled into the lower regions of the respiratory tract

the urogenital tract is the portal of entry for:

not all urogenital infections are STDs some are caused by:

S.T.O.R.C.H
pathogens that infect during pregnancy and birth

Complications from STORCH:

this is the minimum number of mircrobes required for infection to occur. numbers below the ID will generally not cause an infection

pathogens attach to the host through different methods of:

some mechanisms of adhesion include:

microbes can survive this by using a number of virulence factors such as leukocidins, capsules or slimes

virulence factors are adaptations that microbes use to invade and establish themselves in the host. these factors include:

the host's exessive or inappropriate response to a microorganism cuases much of the damage in:

occurs when enzymes, toxins an dother pathogens lead to cell and tissue death

this type of infection occurs when a microbe enters the body and remains confined to a specific tissue

this type of infection is one that spreads to several sites and tissue fluids, usually through the bloodstream

this type of infection occurs when an infectious agent breaks loose from a local infection and is carried into other tissues

this occurs when toxins are secreted by microbes and are carried by the blood to the target tissue

this type of infection occurs when several agents establish themselves simultaneously at the infection site, also known as plolymicrobial

a primary infections occurs first which then can lead to this:

infections that occur rapidly with severe but short-lived effects are knows as:

infections that progress and perist over a long period of time are known as:

this is any objective evidence as noted by the observer, such as bacteria being found in the spinal fluid when tested in the laboratory

this is the subjective evdience of disease as sensed by the patient; this could include a headache in a patient with meningitis

signs and symptoms of inflammation include:

the site of infection or disease that is seen on the skin is known as:

signs of infection in the blood include:

an infection that shows no apparent symptoms is known as

this is the method by which pathogens leave the host

portal of exit includes:

this occurs when an infectious agen retreats into a dormant state

this is long term or permanent damage to tissues or organs that can occur due to infectious disease

this is the primary habitats in the natural world from which a pathogen originates

these carriers are infected but show no symptoms

these carriers spread the infectious agent during the incubation period

these carriers shelter the infectious agent for a long period of time

these carriers are of great concern during patient care

this is a live animal that transmits an ifectious agent from one host to another

this vector actively participates in a pathogen's life cycle

this vector merely transports infectious agents without being infected

an infectious agen that is indgenous to animals but can be transmitted to humas is known as

a disease is considered this when an infected host can transmit the infectious disease; the disease is known as contagious if it is very easy to pass from person to person

this is when the infectious disease doese not arise through the transmission of the infectious agent from host to host

this type of transmission occurs from one infected individual to another

this type of transmission occurs when infection passes from parent to offspring

this type of transmission occurs when microbes are passed from one individual to another through contact with skin or mucous membranes

this type of transmission occurs when an infectious agent is passed to an intermediate conveyor and from there to another host

this is an inanimate material commonly used by humans that can transmit infectious agent

this is an inanimate object that harbors and transmits pathogens

these are dried microscopic residues created when pellets of mucus and saliva are ejected from the mouth and nose

these are suspensions of fine dust or moisture particles in the air tha tcontain live pathogens

this is a type of infection that are infectious disease that are acquired or develop during a hospital stay

the most common nosocomial infections involve:

this is the study of the frequency and distribution of disease

this is called when disease must be reported to the authorities

the total number of cases of of a disease in a certain area and time period

in epidemiology, the number of new cases of a desease occurring during a period

the number of persons who have died as athe result of a particular cause or due to all causes, expressed as a numerator, with the denominator being some unit of population

the number of persons afflicted with an illness under question or with illness in general, expressed as a numerator, with the denominator being some unit of populatioin

a diseased condition

a native disease that prevails continuously in a geographic region

a sudden and simultaneous outbreak or increase in the number of cases of disease in a community

description of a disease that exhibits new cases at irregular intervals in unpredictable geographic locales

a disease afflicting an increased proportion of the population over a wide geographic area (often worldwide)