A&P Chapter 1 part b

• Body erect

• Feet slightly apart

• Palms facing forward

• Axial

• Head, neck, and trunk

• Appendicular

• Limbs

• Regional terms designate specific areas

• • Flat surface along which body or
• structure is cut for anatomical study

• • Divides body vertically into right and left
• parts

• Produces a sagittal section

• Lies on midline

• Not on midline

• • Divides body vertically into anterior and
• posterior parts

• • Divides body horizontally into superior and
• inferior parts

• Produces a cross section

• Cuts made diagonally

• • Over 90% of all anatomical structures match
• textbook descriptions, but:

• • Nerves or blood vessels may be somewhat out of
• place

• Small muscles may be missing

• Protects nervous system

• • Cranial cavity
• • Encases brain

• Two pleural cavities

• Each houses a lung

• Encases spinal cord

• Houses internal organs (viscera)

• • Thoracic cavity
• • Abdominopelvic cavity

• Contains pericardial cavity

• Surrounds thoracic organs

• Encloses heart

Contains stomach, intestines, spleen, and liver

• • Contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs,
• and rectum

• • Thin, double-layered membrane separated by
• serous fluid

• Parietal serosa lines internal body walls

• Visceral serosa covers the internal organs

• Nine divisions used primarily by anatomists

• Divisions used primarily by medical personnel

• Oral and digestive cavities

• Nasal cavity

• Orbital cavities

• Middle ear cavities

• Synovial cavities