-
Pronatation of the foot is caused by = and you will see this by
- Dorsi Extension - Talo Crual - Distal tibial will be lower
- Abduction - Transverse Tarsal - Will see more lateral toes
- Eversion - Sub Talar - Will see Calcaneal Valgus
-
Coupled motion of Subtalar Eversion will cause
- Internal rotation of the tibia
-
Internal tibial rotation will cause what 3 movements at the knee
- Valgus Strain - medial knee pain/ache
- Internal rotation of the Femur
- Flexion
-
Internal rotation of the tibia and femur will cause strain on which structures
- Collateral Ligaments
- Cruciate Ligaments
- Menisci
- Patella
-
Internal femoral rotation will cause what coupled motions
- Internal rotation to Tibia
- Subtalar EVERSION
- Hip ADDuction
- ANTERIORISATION of innominate
- INERIORISE acetabulum
-
A dropped medial longitudinal arch will normally present with
- Fatigued Tibilas Anterior
- Over activity of Ext Hallicus Longus and Ext Digitorum Longus
-
What are the 4 main stages of walking gait
- Heel Strike
- Foot Flat
- Mid-stance
- Toe off
-
What 3 key points happen when heel striking during gait
- Weight is absorbed into CALCANEUM
- Foot extensors (tib anterior, extensor hallicus/digitorum longus contract
- Talocrual joint is dorsi flexed and in a closed pack postion
-
What 3 key points happen at foot flat during gait
- ECCENTRIC contraction of the DORSI EXTENSORS, allowing PLANTAR FLEXION
- Decelartion of weight through Fibula and Interoseus membrane
- Weight is distributed along lateral aspect to 5th metatarsal
-
2 key points of midstance phase during gait
- COP moves MEDIALLY to head of 1st metatarsal as pelvis prepares for contralateral HEEL STRIKE
- Internal Roatation of FEMUR & TIBIA
-
Supination twist mechanism happens at what joint
- Occurs at Transverse Tarsal joint (TTJ) between the
- Talus
- Calcaneum
- Cuboid
- Navicular
-
The aim of the supination twist mechanism is to
- allow independent movement between the Hind foot and Mid Foot
- !!!! calcaneum DOESNT dictate movement of mid foot!!!
-
Supination twist mechanism is found in which stage of the gait cycle
Mid stance
-
Coupled motion between the Sub Talar (ST) and transverse tarsal
- ST everts or pronates = TT supinate
- ST inverts or supinate = TT pronates
-
Push off phase during the gait cycle consists of
- WINDLASS MECHANISM
- Toes extend at MTP, Plantar Aponeurosis creates a TIE BEAM accentuating the Medial Longitudunal Arch
- Gastroc, soleus and plantaris contract
- Phlanges are flexed - final propulsion
-
Coupled motion with cuneiforms and their corresponding MTJ depend on which joint
Subtalar
-
Subtalar eversion/prontation forces the medial rays into
Extension
-
Subtalar eversion/prontation forces the lateral rays into
Flexion
-
Subtalar inversion/supination forces the medial rays into
Flexion
-
Subtalar inversion/supination forces the lateral rays into
Extension
-
Metatarsal break system occurs at
MTP Joint
-
Metatarsal break system refers to oblique axis between which metatarsal heads
2nd to 5th
-
Hinging over the metatarsal break forces the foot into a close packed position by placing the foot into
Supination
-
Pronation forces the navicular
Medially and inferiorly
|
|