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Shoulder Flexion
- Pos: Supine, arm by side of table
- axis: head of humerus in glenoid fossa
- Prox: mid-axillary to hip/great. trocanter
- dist: mid line of humerous
- Black scale
- Sagittal Plane around coronal axis
-
Shoulder Extension
- Pos: prone, arm on table, elbow straight, palm up
- Axis: head of humerous in glenoid fossa
- Prox: mid-axillary line to hip/great. trocanter
- Dist: midline of humerous (lat. epi.)
- BLACK scale
- Sagittal plane around coronal axis
-
Shoulder ABduction
- Pos: Supine, forearm supinated, palm toward ceiling.
- Axis: acromion process, A -P
- Prox: parallel to sternum, lateral thorax area
- Dist: midline of humerous (med. epi)
- BLACK scale
- Frontal plane around A-P axis
-
Shoulder ADduction
- Pos: Supine, shoulder flexed 90*, palm to opp. shoulder
- Axis: acromion process, S-I
- Prox: parallel to table, pointing away from head
- Dist: anterior mid-humeral line
- RED scale
- Frontal plane around A-P axis
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Shoulder Internal Rotation
- Post: supine, shoulders ABducted 90*, elbow flexed 90*, palm toward feet.
- Axis: olecranon process, sight a line through shaft of humerous
- Prox: perpendicular to table toward floor
- Dist: midline of forearm to ulnar styloid
- BLACK scale
- Transverse plane around longitudinal axis
-
Shoulder - External Rotation
- Post: supine, shoulder ABducted 90*, elbow flexed 90*, plam toward feet
- Axis: olecranon process sight a line through humerous
- Prox: perpendicular to the table toward floor
- Dist: midline of forearm to ulnar styloid
- BLACK scale
- Transverse plane around longitudinal axis
-
Elbow Flexion
- Post: supine, forearm supionated
- Axis: lateral epi.
- Prox: midline lateral humerous (humeral head as ref.)
- Dist: mid-line lateral forearm, radial styloid as ref.
- BLACK scale
- Sagittal plane around coronal axis
-
Elbow Extension
- Post: supine, forearm supinated(raise humerous off table to visualize)
- Axis: lat. epi
- Prox: mid-line lat. humerous, humeral head as ref.
- Dost: mid-line lat. forearm, radial styloid as ref.
- BLACK scale
- Sagittal plane around coronal axis
-
Wrist Flexion
- Post: supine, elbow flexed 90*, palm toard feet
- Axis: medial wrist through pisiform
- Prox: medial mid-line of forearm, olecranon process as ref.
- Dist: Medial hand 5th MCP jt ref.
- BLACK scale
- Sagittal plane around coronal axis
-
Wrist Extension
- Post: supine, elbow flexed 90*, palm toard feet
- Axis: medial wrist through pisiform
- Prox: medial mid-line of forearm, olecranon process as ref.
- Dist: Medial hand 5th MCP jt ref.
- BLACK scale
- Sagittal plane around coronal axis
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