Reflex

• Anterior Motor Neurons

• -alpha motor neurons

• motor unit

• Gamma Motor Neurons

• -Intrafusal fibers/muscle spindle

• Other Neural Elements

• things can contract and relax
• so active bicep, the inhibitory causes tricept to relax
• found within the spinal cord at every segment

• communicate between sensory and motor neurons, and between neurons that go up and down cord,

• link between Ie C5and C6.

• responds to stretch,
• monitors tension within the
• muscle,
• responds to both static an dynamic stimulus.

• Dynamic keeps muscle from tearing, too much tearing cause
• gamma motor neuron to relax, causes muscle to lengthen allowing for further
• movement.

• Static-standing there all day you get muscle fatigue, tension within

• golgi starts to let go, muscle spindle kicks in to keep you from falling over,
• they balance each other out.

• Protection against injury, both involved in reflex complex.

• (+) reflex=rapid

• lengthening causes rapid involuntary shortening/contract ion

• –causes to contract
• Motor Neuron-Anterior portion of cord -ventral
• Sensory –Dorsal portion of cord
• (-) Reflex = shortening causes rapid normalization of muscle
• belly length.

• Causes to relax

• both sensory and motor
• its monitors length of muscle and rate of change

• pin in your finger, causes bicep to contract and tricep to

• relax

via the nervous (central, peripheral, and autonomic) systems

via the nervous (central, peripheral, and autonomic) systems

• Afferent sensory information too cord sends
• efferent motor information away from cord,
• you also get visceral response with
• there is a lesion in the spine

• Ie T8 lesion has influence over gall bladder, pancreas etc.

• Sensory info from pancreas goes back through same area of cord, you then get a motor response which causes further shortening of the postural muscles of theback.

• So internal problem causes back problem, or back problem causes influence on organ structure.

• It’s a 2 way street.

• Found in all of the bodies systems and may be local(influencing the structure which generated the impulses)

• or systemic(influencing other structures in response to a given stimuli)

• ie-gall bladder problem, you take in high fat diet, no proper absorption, small intestine irritation in the wall and you get diarrhea.

• The mind influences the body and vice versa via complexinterconnections and interactions.

• Stress from the test, causes shortening of shoulder muscles, gives you a headache.

• Stress from test, causes tense muscles of belly and you get cramps, stomach gets nauseas and you puke.

• located in skin detects vibration and pressure. Send info to

• dorsal root of cord, and you get a motor response from ventral side to get an
• action.

• dorsal side sensory to cord, comes out motor to
• skeletal muscle to get muscle contraction.

• located right in front of ribs attached to the spine,

• nerves that come out of that go to organs, two way street here, both motor and sensory responses.

• IF pancreas isn’t working sends info through dorsal root to get motor response through ventral side causes muscles around that organ to shorten and contract.

• help control blood supply.

• Area that’s been tight for a long time not good blood supply the skin looks blanched or white, release muscular tissue and it flushes as the blood supply increased to that area.

• White area in area of dysfunction, release the muscle and skin may get warm or red.