Intro Nursing Ch 3

• (nursing research is based on nursing theory)
• An organized set of related ideas and concept that:
• 1. assist us in finding meaning in our experiences
• 2. Organize our thinking around an idea
• 3. Develop new ideas and insights into the work we do

• Phenomena
• assumptions
• concepts
• definitions
• statements/ propositions

• worldview or ideology
• -pattrern of shared understandings and assumptions about reality and the world
• -include our notion of reality that are largely unconscious or taken for granted

• -set of concepts related to form a whole
• -group of related ideas, statements, or concepts

-symbolic representation of a framework or concept

supposition or system of ideas that is proposed to explain a given phenomenon

fields of study in which the central focus is performance of a professional role

• A nurse has an idea to explore through research
• Logical reasoning -
• 1. inductive reasoning - generalizations are formed from a set of facts or observations
• - moves from specific examples to a generalized conclusion

2. deductive reasoning - resoning from the general premise to the specific conclusion

also called the metaparadigm for nursing

1. Person (client) - recipient of nursing care (includes individuals, families, groups, and communities)

2. Environment - internal and external surroundings that affect the client (includes people in the physical environment such as families, friends, and significant others.

3. Health - degree of wellness or well-being that the client experiences

4. Nursing - attributes, characteristics, and actions of the nurse providing care for or with the client.

Describe, explain, and predict human behavior

Used in practice, education, and research

• Nightingale's Environmental Theory
• "the act of utilizing the environment of the parient to assist him in his recovery"

• 5 environmental factors:
• 1. pure/ fresh air
• 2. pure water
• 3. efficient drainage
• 4. cleanliness
• 5. light

• Henderson's Definition of Nursing
• -describes nursing in relation to client & clients environment
• - nurse is concerned with both healthy and ill, and even when recovery is not feasable
• - teaching and advocacy
• - nurses role is to assist sick or healthy individuals to gain independence in 14 fundomental needs

• Peplau's Interpersonal Relations Model
• -psychiatric nurse
• -use of therapeutic relationship between the nurse and the client
• Four Phases
• 1. Orientation - nurse and client understand the problem
• 2. Identification - nurse understands clients situation
• 3. Exploitation - client uses available services
• 4. Resolution - old need and goals are put aside and new ones adopted

• Leininger's Cultural Care Diversity and Universality Theory
• -care is the essence of nursing and the dominant, distinctive, and unifying feature of nursing
• -human caring varies among cultures in its expressions, processes and patterns - it is culturally derived

• Watson's Human Caring Theory
• -practice of caring is central to nursing; it is the unifying focus for practive

provides a way of examining interrelationships and deriving principles

Pyramid with most important needs at the base (broadest part) and less important needs at the pinnacle

• 1. Physiologic - food, shelter
• 2. Safety and security
• 3. Love and belonging
• 4. Self-esteem
• 5. Self -actualization

• Caring Practice
• -caring is the essence of excellence in nursing