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Sociology
The scientific study of social structure (human social behavior)
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Prejudice
Widely held neg attitudes towards a group (minority or majority) and its individual members
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Ageism
Prejudice and discrimination against elderly people
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Sexism
A set of beliefs, attitudes, norms, and values used to justify sexual inequality
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Race
People sharing certain inherited physical characteristics that are considered important within a society
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Informal sanctions
Sanctions that are less structured (gossip)
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Social structure
The pattern interaction of people in social relationships
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Extended family
Two or more parents and children generations of the same family whose members share economic resources and a common household
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Subculture
A group that is part of the dominant culture but that differs from it in some important respects
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Monogamy
Marriage with only one person at a time
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Marriage
The legal union based on mutural rights and obligation
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Hate crime
A criminal act motivated by prejudice. Hate crimes involve bias related to race, religion, sexual orientation, national origin, or ancestry
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De jure segregation
Denial of equal access based on the law
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Language
An abstract system of word meanings and symbols. It includes speech, written characters, numberals, non verbal gestures and expressions
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Stereotype
A distorted, exaggerated, or oversimplified image applied to a category of people (all Asians are smart)
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Racism
An extreme form of prejudice that assumes superiority of one group over others
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Sanctions
Other people’s responses to a person’s behavior (rewards, punishment)
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Sociological imagination
The type of insight offered by the discipline of sociology
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Exogamy
The practice of marrying outside of one’s group
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Cultural pluralism
Desire of a group to maintain some sense of identity separate from the dominant group
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Homogamy
The tendency to marry someone similar to oneself
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Culture
Consists of the knowledge, language, values, customs, and physical objects that are shared by members of a society
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Ethnocentrism
Judging in terms of one’s own cultural standards
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Self fulfilling prophecy
An expectation that leads to behavior that causes the expectation to become reality
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