Products designed to reduce the density of microbial life on living tissue, particularly on the skin of the patient or practitioner.
Antiseptic
Techniques for preventing infection during invasive procedures such as surgical operations, dressing wounds, or some laboratory procedures. Acupuncture is not an _________ procedure because it is not performed in a manner that preserves the sterility of the acupuncturist's hand so skin of the patient. Acupuncture is a clean rather than sterile procedure. That having been said acupuncture needles must be kept in a sterile condition for use in CNT.
Aseptic Techniques
The area that has been prepared to contain the equipment necessary for acupuncture in such a way as to protect the sterility of the needles. By extension, this includes not only the clean surface on which equipment will be placed, but also the patient's skin around prepared acupuncture points, and anything that touches the skin.
Clean Field
The use of techniques (such as antisepsis, disinfection, sterilization, hand washing, and isolation of sharps) designed to reduce the risk of infection of patients, practitioners, and office personnel by reducing the number of pathogens, thereby reducing the chances for contact between the pathogens and the patients and personnel.
Clean technique
The introduction of contaminating viruses, bacteria, or other organisms into or onto previously clean or sterile objects, rendering them unclean or non-sterile.
Contamination
The chemicals employed in disinfection. They should only be used on inanimate objects, and are not to be confused with antiseptics that are applied to the body. Examples include hypochlorite dilutions such as bleach, and commercial disinfectants such as Staphene.
Disinfectants
The use of chemicals and procedures designed to destroy or reduce the number of pathogens on inanimate objects such as equipment and clinic surfaces. It must be recognized that some bacteria, spores, and viruses may resist the often lethal effects of many chemicals.
Disinfection
The use of procedures that destroy all microbial life, including viruses. This is a rigid, uncompromising term. There is no such thing as partial _________. In acupuncture, _____________ is required for all instruments that pierce the skin (needles, plum-blossom needles, seven-star hammers, and lancets) and insertion tubes.
Sterilization
What is the number one method to kill germs?
Hand washing
What is the first thing you do when you see more than one drop of blood?
Put on Gloves
How should the patient be positioned when needling?
The position where the patient is most comfortable
Should acupuncture needles be inserted through inflamed, irritated, diseased, or broken skin? Why?
No, otherwise infections can be carried directly into the body past the broken skin barrier
What steps should be taken if a needle spill occurs?
Disinfected with germicide since the HBV virus can survive on surfaces for more than one week at room temperature
All materials used in the clean-up job should be discarded in double wrapping
What does it mean to be a chronic-persistant disease?
Asymptomatic - minimal symptoms can effect others
What does it mean to be a chronic-active disease?
Progressive symptoms with Liver damage
What is difference between transient and resident?
Transient - obtained from elsewhere
Resident - living on you for extended periods
How full should a Sharps Container be before you change to a new one?
2/3 Full
What do you do if a patient is unconcious and can not be revived?
CALL 911
What does ECP stand for?
Exposure Control Plan (i.e. if Sharps Container Spills)
What are the three categoriezs requireing sterilization?
Critical: enters vascular system
Semi-critical: touches mucus membranes, not intact with skin
Non-critical: touches intact skin
What are the procedures when cleaning blood and body fluid?
Gloves go on
Disinfectant
Use Soap and Water
Dicard all material by double bagging
Blood products go in a Red Bag
What is HIPAA?
Patient Confidentiality Records
Patient must sign releases in front of practitioner
What happens if a needle breaks?
Tell the patient to see their PCP or call ambulance to have them extract it
Who do you not use E-stim on?
Patients with electrical devices implanted (i.e. pacemaker)
What is another name for Artemesia Vulgaris?
Moxa
What are the herbal properties of Artemesia Vulgaris?
Bitter
Warm
Sharp
Used to treat Yang Def.
Restores Weakened Yang
Courses through the three Yin
Expels cold and damp
Opens the 12 primary channels
Regulates Qi and Blood
The effects of Moxa
What are the five materials you can use for indirect moxa?
Ginger
Garlic
Aconite
Clay
Salt
Superficial puncture for bleeding
Indicated for heat of head and body
Arrow-head Needle
Oval-rounded tip and cylindrical body
Indicated for disorders of the muscle and for massage
Round Needle
Millet head, tip is round and slightly sharp
Indicated for pressing on meridians
Blunt Needle
Triangular head, cylindrical body
Indicated for superficial carbuncles and painful swelling and febrile diseases, swelling from sprains
Sharp-edged Needle (Three-edged needle)
Indicated for regulating meridians for cold, heat and painful syndromes
Sword-shaped Needle
Slightly large head and thin body, being round and sharp
Indicated for carbuncles and painful swelling / bi-syndrome in deep level
Round-sharp Needle
Very fine body like a hair
Indicated for regulating meridian for cold, heat and painful syndromes
Filiform Needle
Round, sharp tip and long fine body
Indicated for puncturing the deep tissue attacked by pathogens or persistent bi-syndrome, paralysis, threading
Long Needle
Round, Thick body
Indicated for removing fluid for joint disorder with swelling
Large Needle
"Setting the fire on the mountain"
Tonification Method
Patient should feel warmth on the point. Often used for def. cold type disorders
"Penetrating Heaven coldness"
Sedation Method
Patient should feel cool sensation at the point. Often used for excess and heat disorders
"Green tortoise seeking the point"
To obtain / direct Qi
"Green dragon swinging its tail"
Used to treat severe pain
"White tiger shaking his head"
To push the meridian Qi movement
"Dragon & tiger coming to blows"
To circulate and regulate Qi in the channels
To circulate the Ying & Wei
Very effective for pain
"Yin hidden in Yang"
For chronic problems (tonify then sedate)
"Yang hidden in Ying"
For acute problems (sedate then tonify)
Shallow insertion
Indicated for wind or skin problems
Half Puncture
Technique of bloodletting
To evacuate the stagnated blood
Used for skin conditions
Leopard-spot puncture
For tendon disorders
Joint puncture
Linked with Spleen
Valley puncture
Very deep / close to the bone without touching the bone (i.e. bi, arthritis, rheumatism)
Bone puncture
Bar soap is always recommended for washing hands. True of False?
False
The best way to reduced any type of infection is to follow universal precautions. True or False?
True
Universal precautions should always apply to?
Blood
Body Fluid
Semen
Which alcohol percentage is recommended by the CDP?
70%
Swabbing the hands with alcohol is acceptable for the second hand washing if there is no sink in the treatment room. True or False?
True
The needle is contaminated if the practitioner is touching the shaft. True or False?
True
Any solid or liquid waste that may present a threat of infection to humans may be considered biohazardous waste. True or False?
True
A patient comes in for treatment and is intoxicated. Is it okay to treat?
No
If a patient faints during treatment, what is the first thing you do?
1. Remove needles
2. Raise Legs
3. CALL 911
When setting up your area of CNT the waste bag and needle bag should be placed where?
Outside the Clean Field
The easiest way for health practitioners to get HIV is?
Getting stuck with a contaminated needle
If a healthcare worker is exposed with a pathogen, the records must be kept for how many years?
30 years
How long are patient clinical records kept after the end their care with you?
7 years
What are the methods of Tonification?
Insertion Speed?
Insertion Depth?
Insertion on Respiration?
Insetion in Direction?
Massage Technique?
Pressing / Closing?
Lifting / Thrusting?
Rotation Method?
Point Category?
Needle Guage?
Retaining Time?
Speed - Slowly
Depth - Shallow to Deep
Insert on Exhale, Remove on Inhale
With the flow of channel
Massage before inserting
Press quickly to close point
Thrust with force, lift lightly
Rotate Clockwise
Mother Point
Thinner Gauge
Long Time / Short Time
What are the methods of Sedation?
Insertion Speed?
Insertion Depth?
Insertion on Respiration?
Insetion in Direction?
Massage Technique?
Pressing / Closing?
Lifting / Thrusting?
Point Category?
Needle Guage?
Retaining Time?
Speed - Quickly
Depth - Deep to Shallow
Insert on Inhale, Remove on Exhale
Against the flow of channel
No Massage
Do not press, open up point
Thrust greatly, lift with force
Counter-Clockwise
Child Point
Thicker Guage
Short Time / Long Time
What is the the Reason for the bleeding method?
What disorders are they indicated for?
Contarindications?
Activate Blood - Encourage motion
Reduce Swelling
(not to be done on major vessels)
Indicated for Heat / Inflammation-based
Contraindications include - weak patients, expectant mothers, patients with hemorrage disorders
What is the function of Cupping?
What disorders are they indicated for?
Contraindications?
Warm, move Qi, and move blood in the meridians; dispell cold-damp; diminish swellings and pains
Indicated for (Bi-syndrome - due to wind-damp; lowback, shoulders, leg; GI - stomachache, vomiting, diarrhea; Lung disease - cough, asthma; Cupping with bleeding method - acute sprains with blood stasis)
Contraindicated include - skin ulcers, edema, large blood vessels, high fever with convulsions, abdominal sacral regions of pregnant women, patient susceptible to spontaneous bleeding or endlesss bleeding after trauma
Please define these cupping methods and their functions.
Retention?
Multiple?
Flash?
Sliding?
Retention - Stays in one place - used of general illness
Multiple - many cups Stay at their one place - used for treatment of blood stagnation of certain internal organs
Flash - Applied then immediately taken off - used for local areas with deficient condition resulting in numbness and lack of function
Sliding - cover area lightly in oil; apply cup; slide
How does Gua Sha work?
Promote Qi and Blood circulation
Draws out fluid ("bad stuff") to skin surface
What is the function of 3-edged needle?
Derived from Sharp Needle Type
Indicated for blockage of meridians, blood stasis, excess syndrome and heat syndrome
Actions - move Qi and Blood in meridians; dispel blood stasis; eliminate the heat
Contraindicated - weak constitution, for pregnant women and those susceptible to bleeding
What is the function of "hammers"?
Indicated for disorder of nervous system and skin disease
Actions - move Qi in the meridians; regulates the zang-fu functions
Contraindicated - local trauma and ulcers
What is the difference between a plum-blossom hammer and seven-star hammer?
Plum-Blossom - 5 Long needles
Seven-Star - 7 Short needles
What is the function of intradermal needles?
Indicated for chronic or painful diseases which need long retention of needles
True or False. When using a Long Needle and having trouble inserting, you can use sterile guaze to support the shaft.
True - "sterile" is the key word in the phrase
If you insert a needle between 30 and 60 degrees what is that term called?
Slanted
Shallow insertion is good for treating...
a. chronic conditions
b. cold
c. strong patients
d. heat
Heat - to bring everything to the surface
Deep insertion is good for treating...
a. Yang body parts
b. in the summer
c. a weak pulse
d. internal organs and blood
Internal organs and blood
If a needle is touched by anyone, at the shaft, is the needle contaminated?
No
True or False. Always use guide to insert auricular needles.
No always - you can but not required
If a patient is exposed to a pathogen the records must be kept for how long?
7 Years
If an employee is exposed to a pathogen the records must be kept for how long?
30 Years
True or False. Laundry is considered sterilized with detergent and hot water.
False - considered clean but not sterilized
Is it permitted to leave acupuncture needles in a patient after treatment?
No - intradermals are not considered acupuncture needles
If a patient stops breathing, not faint, what is the first thing you do?
a. CALL 911
b. perform CPR
c. remove all the needles
d. lay the patient down
perform CPR
Which is an acceptable procedure for sterilization?
a. boiling
b. alcohol
c. autoclave
d. All of the above