Who was able to develop the first vaccine for rabies in 1884, he also proposed the term "virus" to denote the special group of infectious agents.
Pasteur
Ivanovski and Beijernick showed that a virus was responsible for this disease in plants.
tobacco mosaic virus
Loeffler and Frosch discovered this disease that infects animals?
foot-and-mouth in cattle
These are noncellular particles with a definite size, shape, and chemical composition that can be cultured in a lab using special techniques.
viruses
the study of viruses
virology
T/F? viruses are a unique group of biological entities known to infect every type of cell, including bacteria, algae, fungi, protozoa, plants, and animals.
True
T/F? Viruses are a type of obligate intracellular parasite that cannot multiply unless they invade a specific host cell.
True
Viruses instruct the host cell's genteic and metabolic machinery in order to release what?
quantities of new viruses
Viral replication inside a cell will usually result in the loss of functionality of that cell or this.
death of that cell
What is the size range of viruses? (nm)
20 - 450 nm
The basic structure of viruses consists of what? (2)
capsid surounding a nucleic acid core
T/F? The nucleic acid of a virus consists of DNA and RNA.
False. Can contain either but not both.
The nucleic acid can take on what structures?
single or double-stranded DNA
single or double-stranded RNA
Term that refers to something that is so minute (<0.2um) that an electron microscope is necessary to detect them or to examine their structure.
ultramicroscopic
Some viruses may contain this, a type of covering, in addition to the capsid and central core.
envelope
This term refers to the capsid and the nucelic acid of a virus.
nucleocapsid
A modified piece of the host's cell membrane that some viruses posses.
envelope
How many families of animal viruses are there? How many of these possess an envelope external to the capsid?
20
13
Viruses that consist of only a nucleocapsid are considered this.
naked
A fully formed virus that is able to establish an infection in a host cell is often called this
virion
T/F? Virus' crystalline appearance is due to their molecular structure of regular, repeating subunits.
True
Viruses are essential for the production of vaccines to treat these three viral infections.
influenza
polio
measles
Combining less harmful viruses ( vaccinia, adenovirus) with genetic material from a pathogen creates a vaccine that provides immunity without exposure to the intact pathogen. This harmless virus approach is being used to treat what 2 genetic diseases?
cystic fibrosis
sickle cell
ONYX (mutant adeno viruses) target and cause the self-destruction of what type of cells?
cancer cells
The subunits that make up each capsid.
capsomer
Capsomers are constructed from what type of molecules?
