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C1 What is life and death

  1. Define Anatomy
    scientific discipline that investigates the body's structure
  2. Define Physiology
    Scientific investigation of the processes or functions of living things
  3. list the 6 levels of structural and functional organization
    • * Chemical
    • * Cell
    • * Tissue
    • * Organ
    • * Organ system
    • * Organism
  4. Define the chemical level
    interaction of atoms
  5. define the cell level
    structural and functional unit of living organisms
  6. define the tissue level
    group of similar cells and the materials surrounding them
  7. define the organ level
    one or more tissues functioning together
  8. define an organ system
    group of organs functioning together
  9. Deifne an organism
    any living thing
  10. Name the 4 key features of the anatomical position
    • 1. Body erect
    • 2. Face forward
    • 3. Feet together
    • 4. Palms face forward
  11. Define Supine
    lying face upward
  12. Define Prone
    lying face downward
  13. Define superior
    a structure above another
  14. Define inferior
    a structure below another
  15. Define cephalic
    closer to the head than another structure
  16. define caudal
    closer to the tail than another structure
  17. Define anterior
    the front of the body
  18. define posterior
    the back of the body
  19. Define Ventral
    toward the belly
  20. Define dorsal
    towards the back
  21. Define proximal
    Closer to the point of attatchment to the body than another structure
  22. Define distal
    father from the point of attatchment to the body than another structure
  23. Define lateral
    away from the midline of the body
  24. Define medial
    towards the midline of the body
  25. Define superficial
    towards the surface
  26. Define deep
    away from the surface
  27. what does frontal relate to
    forehead
  28. what does orbital relate to
    eyes
  29. what does nasal relate to
    nose
  30. what does oral relate to
    mouth
  31. what does pectoral relate to
    chest
  32. what does sternal relate to
    breastbone
  33. what does umbilical relate to
    naval
  34. what does inguinal relate to
    groin
  35. what does otic relate to
    ear
  36. what does buccal relate to
    cheek
  37. what does mental relate to
    chin
  38. what does clavicular relate to
    collarbone
  39. what does axillary relate to
    armpit
  40. what does brachial relate to
    arm
  41. what does anticubital relate to
    front of elbow
  42. what does anitbrachial relate to
    forearm
  43. what does carpal relate to
    wrist
  44. what does palmar relate to
    palm
  45. what does digital relate
    fingers
  46. what does coxal relate to
    hip
  47. what does femoral relate to
    thigh
  48. what does patelar relate to
    kneecap
  49. what does cural relate to
    leg
  50. what does talus relate to
    ankle
  51. what does dorsum relate to
    top of foot
  52. what does occipital relate to
    base of skull
  53. what does nuchal relate to
    back of neck
  54. what does scapular relate to
    shoulder blade
  55. what does vertebral relate to
    spinal column
  56. what does lumbar relate to
    loin
  57. what does sacral relate to
    between the hips
  58. what does gluteal relate to
    buttocks
  59. what does perineal relate to
    perineum
  60. what does acromial relate to
    point of shoulder
  61. what does olecranon relate to
    point of elbow
  62. what does popliteal relate to
    hollow behind the knee
  63. what does sureal relate to
    calf
  64. what does plantar relate to
    sole of the foot
  65. what does calcaneal relate to
    the heel of the foot
  66. define median
    plane through the midline
  67. define the sagittal plane
    plane to the left or the right of the median
  68. define the frontal plane
    devides the body into anterior and posterior sections
  69. define the transverse plane
    horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior sections
  70. define an oblique plane
    plane that is on an angle
  71. define a longitudinal plane
    cut along the length of an organ
  72. define a transverse or cross plane
    cut at right angle to the length of an organ, vertical plane
  73. what is found in the diaphragm cavity
    • * thoracic
    • * abdominopelvic cavity
  74. what is found in the mediastinum cavity
    all structures of the thoracic cavity except the lungs
  75. name the 4 quaters of the abominal subdivisions
    • 1. right upper quadrant
    • 2. left upper quadrant
    • 3. right lower quadrant
    • 4. left lower quadrant
  76. name the 9 sections of the abdominal subdivisions
    • 1. right hyperchondriac region
    • 2. epigastric region
    • 3. left hyperchondriac region
    • 4. right lumbar region
    • 5. umbilical region
    • 6. left lumbar region
    • 7. right iliac region
    • 8. hypogastric region
    • 9. left iliac region
  77. explain a visceral serous membrane
    inner balloon wall of membrane
  78. explain a parietal serous membrane
    the outer balloon wall of a membrane
  79. what does the pericardium membrane relate to
    the heart
  80. what does the pleura membrane relate to
    the lungs and the thoracic cavity
  81. what does the peritoneum membrane relate to
    the abdominopelvic cavity
  82. define homeostasis
    The ability or tendency of an organism or cell to maintain internal equilibrium by adjusting its physiological processes.
  83. explain a positive feedback loop
    • Positive feedback loops enhance or amplify changes; this tends to move a
    • system away from its equilibrium state and make it more unstable.
  84. explain a negative feedback loop
    • Negative feedbacks tend to dampen or buffer changes; this tends to hold a
    • system to some equilibrium state making it more stable.
  85. name two positive feedback loops found in the body
    1. blood platelet accumulation, which, in turn, causes blood clotting in response to a break or tear in the lining of blood vessels.

    2. The release of oxytocin to intensify the contractions that take place during childbirth.
  86. name two negative feedback loops found in the body
    • 1. temperature control. The hypothalamus,
    • which monitors the body temperature, is capable of determining even the slightest variation of normal body temperature. Response to such variation could be stimulation of glands that produce sweat to reduce the temperature or signaling various muscles to shiver to increase body temperature.

    2. when the body is deprived of food. The body would then reset the metabolic set point to a lower than normal value. This would allow the body to continue to function, at a slower rate, even though the body is starving.
Author
chickadee
ID
88911
Card Set
C1 What is life and death
Description
body systems etc
Updated

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