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What did Jenner create?
The 1st vaccination.
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What theory did Darwin create?
The theory of evolution.
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What type of cell has a nucleus & organelles?
- A eukaryotic cell.
- Ex. Protista, Fungi, Plants, & Animals.
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Who found penicillin?
Flemming-from the fungi Penicillium.
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What makes a cell prokaryotic?
- No nucleus or organelles
- Ex. Archaebacteria & Eubacteria
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What is an endospore?
A thick-walled protective spore that forms inside a bacterial cell & resists harsh conditions.
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Who created taxonomic organization?
Linneaus
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Why are endospores harmful?
They can like through harsh conditions.
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What is a lichen?
- Made up of algae & fungus living together.
- Mutualistic relationship- algae feeds the fungus & the fungus shelters the algae.
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Any part or trace of an organism that once lived; formed in mud, swamps, or sedimentary rock; is what?
A fossil. (older fossils are found in deeper layers of rock)
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What's natural selection?
Organisms better adapted to their environment survive & pass traits down to the next generation.
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What are the 3 types of natural selection?
- Disruptive: favors both extremes.
- Directional: favors one extreme.
- Stabilizing: favors the average.
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Evolution is caused by what?
Natural Selection.
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What is a process that shows species can change over time?
Evolution.
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What did peppered moths do?
They produced more offspring with the darker color to blend in with the polluted trees. (Example of natual selection- it protected them from the birds.)
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What is a homologous structure?
- Body parts that look different but have same number & arrangement of bones.(shows common ancestors)
- Ex. Human arm & Bats wing
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What is a vestigial structure?
- Structures that no longer have a function; reduced in size.
- Ex. Snakes have small leg bones (hips), Human tail bone & appendix.
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What is a analogous structures?
- Body parts are similar in function but are not similar in basic structure.(shows no evolutionary trend)
- Ex. Wings of birds & wings of insects.
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What is biology?
Study of life & living organisms. (Including their structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, distribution, & taxonomy.)
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What is the practice & science of classification?
Taxonomy
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What is ecology?
Study of the relation of living organisms with each other & their surroundings.
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What is a producer?
Produce energy for themselves from non-living sources through a process known as photosynthesis.
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Who receives their energy by consuming other organisms?
Consumer
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What is an autotroph?
An orgainsm that makes their own food. (producer)
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What organism obtains food from other organisms?
Heterotroph
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What organism breaks down organic matter?
Decomposer
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What is nitrogen fixation?
Several species of bacteria have enzymes that convert nitrogen gas into ammonia.
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What do animals use nitrogen for?
To make protein/DNA.
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What is a nonvascular plant?
- Plants without xylem & phloem.
- Ex. Mosses, Hornworts, Liverworts.
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What is xylem?
Transfers water up a plant.
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What transfers food down a plant?
Phloem
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What are plants with xylem & phloem, like ferns?
Vascular, seedless.
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What are gymnosperms?
Conifers: exposed (naked) seed, vascular, & cone bearing.
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Flowering plants: seeds within fruits & vascular; are considered what?
Angiosperms
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What are the 2 types of angiosperms?
Monocot & Dicot
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Where is the filament?
G.
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