Animal behavior.txt

risk sensitive foraging

• torpor
• fat storage
• caching
• agriculture

• Availability (seasonality)
• Demand ( lactation or pregnancy)
• both ( winter and night)

risk sensitive which can be like tossing a coin.

• Decision: choose to forage in the constant or variable patch
• currency : maximize utility
• constraints : utility function is known, perfect about choices

• utility function shape ( indifferent fitness at x means fitness at star)linear
• risk averse ( fitness at x greater then mean fitness )diminishing returns
• risk prone (fitness at x less then mean fitness )accelerating returns

they foraged on 40 flowers. there where blue with constant and yellow which had different concentration. the experiment showed that they tend to go toward the one offering the most price

it depends on energy stores

• it is reduction in body temperature and elephant shrews and some species of bats do it. torpor saves energy
• In an experiment it was shown that oxygen consumption of active bats increase with decreasing the air temperature . so oxygen consumption measures energy use and energy use increases as ambient temperature decreases

• it is a light molecule and can be metabolize quickly and it is energy rich.
• animals lay fat when they experience unpredictable environment and reduce it when in constant environment.
• fat is not free , it can increase predation rate and decrease locomotion.

spiders, ants, bees and wasps are arthropods and rodents , pika hawks and jays are vertebrates that cache food.

• fat increases risk of predation because it increases body mass
• not all can store fat if food is abundant
• large stores provide food supply for group over winter
• easily transferable to offsprings

It provides constant food source despite changing environment.