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Normal Newborn heart rate
120-160 BPM
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Normal blood pressure range for an infant
80/40 to 80/50
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Caput Succedaneum:
A simple “bun” of newborn’s head corresponding to concavity of vacuum cup or pressure against cervix which disappears within a few hours
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Milia
- Little, fine point pimples that are obstructed sebaceous glands
- No special tx. required, normal
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Two principle factors that cause Icterus Neonatorum (Jaundice) in infants:
- 1) Increased
- destruction of RBC no longer needed after birth
- 2) Functional
- immaturity of the newborn liver which is unable to excrete elevated biliruban
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Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum:
- Blotchy, hive like rash that looks a lot like pimples
- Occurs around 3-4 week after birth
- No special treatment needed
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Meconium:
- Normal first stool
- *Black and Tarry
- *Should occur within first 24 hrs after birth
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Why are preemies more susceptible to infection?
Not enough IgG received in utero due to premature delivery & immature immune system
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Major Neonatal Reflexes
- Perez, 3 months disappear
- Stepping, 7-8 months
- Fencer’s position, 3-6 months
- Trunk incurvation, 2 months
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Second period of reactivity
- Presence of increased mucous production
- May need suctioning
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Brown fat
- Present in full-term babies
- *Source of heat in baby
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Radiation heat loss
- 90% of heat loss is through the head
- Put caps on baby to prevent heat loss
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Bathing considerations for infant with umbilical cord still attached
- Sponge bath until cord falls off (usually 10 days)
- Tub bath after cord falls off ok
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Precaution regarding iron and breast feeding
- Milk not good source of iron
- Iron from mom depleted by 3-4 months
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Cyanosis:
Results from inadequate oxygen to the cell
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Why would Gavage (tube feeding) be performed in preemie?
Because of poor suck/swallow reflexes
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Prolactin
Needed to produce milk
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S/s of post-mature infant
Desquamination (peeling of hands & soles of feet
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Retrolental Fibroplasias (Retinopathy):
Caused by excessive levels of oxygen in preemies
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S/s of intracranial Hemorrhage
High-pitched cry
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3 conditions that must be met before giving RhoGam
- Rh neg. mom
- Rh pos. baby
- Negative coombs test
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Why is drug addicted baby very irritable?
Liver cannot excrete drug rapidly
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Biggest complication of diabetic baby
RDS and hypoglycemia in first 24 hrs
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Treatment of diabetic baby
Check blood sugar immediately after birth and continue to monitor closely
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Purpeirum period
- Last the 6 weeks after delivery
- Also known as Post partum
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Post partum, what should be done if mother reports feeling fatigued and drained?
Need to inform MD
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Diaphoresis post partum:
- Normal
- Process of elimination of excess fluid
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Menses post partum
- Bottle feed baby momma expect menses in 4-8 wks
- Much longer for breast-feeding mothers
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s/s of mastitis
- Cracked, sore, hot, feels like they have the flu
- Tx: notify MD-need Rx
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After pain of fundus post-partum
Caused by uterine contractions
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Before checking fundus, what should nurse ask pt. to do
- Empty bladder- full bladder pushes uterus up and to the side and causes it to be boggy
- Massaging contracts uterus
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What is one cause of hemorrhage post partum
Large baby (10 lb +)
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Prevention of DVT post-partum
- No blood thinners
- *ambulate legs
- *warm moist heat application
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What is foul, offensive smell of lochia indicative of?
Sign of infection
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Treatment of episiotomy
Ice packs
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Dietary considerations while breast feeding
- Increase protein
- Increase calories
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Statement that might be sign of postpartum blues
States she does not think they are a good mother
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