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What are the 3 different physician contentions?
- Cyriax (orthopaedic)
- Mennell (joint play)
- Osteopathic
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What are the three different PT contentions?
- Maitland (australia)
- Kaltenborn (Norweigan)
- McKenzie (New Zealand)
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What is the premise of the Cyriax contention?
all pain comes from an anatomical source so the treatment must reach that source
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What is the premise of the Mennell contention?
loss of joint play is a sign of dysfunction, so joint manipulation can restore joint function
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WHat is the premise of the osteopathic contention?
the body is a total unit and disease processes manifest in the NMS
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What are different evaluating methods of the Cyriax contention?
- AROM, PROM, RROM
- neuro exam
- palpation
- dermatomes/myotomes
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What are different evaluating methods of Mennell contention?
- inspection
- palpatoin
- voluntary movements
- muscles
- special tests
- joint play
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What are different evaluating methods of the Osteopathic contention?
- posture
- regional screening of functional units
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What is the premise behind Maitland contentions?
- personal commitment ot understanding the patient
- related pathology to signs and symptoms
- continual reassessment
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What is the premise behind Kaltenborn contentions?
- biomechanical assessment of joint movements
- pain, joint dysfunction, soft tissues changes are found in combination of one another
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What is the premise behind the McKenzie contentions?
- predisposing factors relating to- sitting posture, loss of extension, and frequency of flexion
- self-treatment
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What are different evaluation methods for Maitland contentions?
- behaviors of signs and symptoms
- diagnosis
- stage and stability of disorder
- irritability of disorder
- *relate exam findings to signs and symptoms
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What are different evaluation methods for the Kaltenborn contentions?
- biomechanical assessment
- restrictions of joing mobility
- soft tissue changes
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What are different evaluation methods for the McKenzie contentions?
- postural syndrome
- dysfunction syndrome
- derangement syndrome
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What is the different between contractile and non contractile tissues and who focuses on them?
- PROM vs. AROM
- non contractile are also called inert
- Cyriax
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What contention focuses on applying ones anatomy?
Cyriax
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What contention focuses on posture?
McKenzie
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What contention has capsular patterns as a key concept?
Cyriax
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What contention focuses on the convex/concave rule?
Kaltenborn
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What contention focuses on joint play?
Mennell
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What is the guide to PT format (think of the 1/2 body)
- EEDPIO
- examination
- evaluation
- diagnosis
- prognosis
- intervention
- outcome
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What does the examination fall under int he SOAP format?
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What does evaluation fall under in the SOAP format?
assessment
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What does diagnosis fall under in the SOAP format?
assessment
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What does prognosis fall under in the SOAP format?
assessment
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What does intervention fall under in the SOAP format?
plan
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What does outcome fall under in the SOAP format?
plan
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What makes ups the evaluation, diagnosis and prognosis (assessment)?
- patient probalem list
- physical therapy diagnosis
- prognosis
- STG
- LTG
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What are different types of intervention and outcome?
- direct intervention
- patient related instruction
- adjunct interventions
- coordination, communication, and documentation
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What is included in the intervention and outcome (plan)
- frequency of PT
- duration of PT
- treatment
- discharge of patient
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What makes up a screening eval?
- postural scan
- AROM
- sensation
- reflexes
- myotomes
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List the type of pain for the different structures: bone, nerve, muscle, vascular
- bone: deep, boring, localized, nagging (fracture is severe unbearable pain)
- nerve: sharp (lancinating), bright, and burning
- muscle: hard to localize, dull & aching, cramping, aggervated by injury, can refer
- vascular: diffuse, aching, poorly localized (diffuse)
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What is the difference between systemic and musculoskeletal pain?
systemic pain originates from one of the body's systems other than the musculoskeletal system
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What are some characteristics of systemic pain?
- disturbs pain
- deep aching or throbbing pain
- reduced by pressure
- constant or waves of pain
- not aggrevated by mechanical stress
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What are some characteristics of musculoskeletal pain?
- generally lessens at night
- sharp or superficial ache
- decreases after stopping activity
- continuous or intermittent
- aggravated by mechanical stress
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What are the six dimensions of pain?
- physiological
- sensory
- affective
- cognitive
- behavioural
- sociocultural-ethnocultrual
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Which side do you test first in an exam?
NORMAL SIDE then affected side
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What is the progression for ROM?
AROM --> PROM --> RROM
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What are the reflexes in the arm?
- biceps brachii: C5
- brachioradialis: C6
- triceps brachii: C7
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What are the reflexes in the leg?
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What is strong and painful?
minor lesion of muscle or tendon
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What is weak and painful?
major lesion of muscle or tendon
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What is weak and pain free?
nerve involvement
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What is the common capsular pattern of the glenohumeral joint?
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What is the common capsular pattern of the wrist?
flexion and extension =
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What is the common capsular pattern of the hip?
- flexion
- abduction
- IR (IR may be most limited)
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What is the common capsular pattern of the talocrural joint?
- plantarflexion
- dorsiflexion
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What is the common capsular pattern of the ulnohumeral?
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What are normal end feels?
- bone to bone (elbow extension)
- soft tissue approximation (elbow flexion)
- tissue stretch- hard (knee extension) or soft (wrist flexion)
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What are abnormal end feels?
- muscle spasm- end feel is sudden and hard
- capsular- hard & soft (boggy)
- bony- abnormal bone to bone (ostephyte)
- empty- movement produces pain so can't continue (tumor)
- springy block- abnormal tissue stretch (torn meniscus)
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