-
absolute monarchy
- has total control over the country
- ex. saudi arabia
-
symbolic monarchy
- there for show and has little power
- ex great britain
-
dictatorship
- one ruler is in total control
- ex. venezuela-hugo chauez
-
oligarchy
- group of rulers are in total control
- ex. china
-
aristocracy
mostly wealthy citizens hold power
-
direct democracy
- people vote on every single law
- ex a small village
-
republic
- people elect leaders to make laws
- ex US
-
theocracy
- religious leaders hold power
- ex iran
-
what are the five qualifications to be able to vote in PA
- 1.18+
- 2.US citizen
- 3.registered to vote
- 4.resident of PA for 30 days
- 5. not in jail for a felony(big crime)
-
what are the three ways to become a citizen of the US
- 1.natuarl born citizen born in us or us territory
- 2.one or both of parents US citizens when you are born
- 3.naturalization-legal process by which an alien becomes a citizen
-
in order to apply to become a US citizen you must have lived in the Us at least ____ years if single, or ___ years if married
-
during an interview what are the four things that an applicant to become a citzen must show
- 1.read,write,and speak english well
- 2. good character
- 3. believe in the constitution
- 4. pass a test on US history and gov.
-
population of the US-
population of the world-
-
alien
person in the US who is a citizen of another country
-
refugee
people fleeing persecution in their home
-
green card
allows an alien to work or go to school in the US
-
-
-
hillary clinton
secretery of state
-
-
-
eric holder
attoerney general
-
Janet napolitano
homeland security
-
tom marino
our representative in the 10th district(repeublican)
-
pat toomey
pa's senator - republican
-
bob casey
other us senater-democrat
-
John Boehner
speaker of the house
-
Harry Reid
senate majority leader
-
-
decleration of independence
-purpose
-author
-three unalienable rights
- -break away from britian and discuss whyby listing complaints against king george
- -thomas jefferson
- -life,liberty, and the persute of happiness
-
articles of confederation
-what was it
-why did it fail
- -first constitution of US
- -it was to weak to stop shays rebellion
-
federalism
sharing of power between federal gov and states
-
confederation
states have the power
-
constitutional convention
-where was it
-4 major disputes at the convention that resulted in compromise
- -philidelphia
- -1. how should the new congress be set up
- 2. How to count the slaves in the population
- 3. should the states or national gov get the power
- 4. how does the president get selected
-
connecticut great compromise
bicameral 2house congress
-
federalists
favored a strong national gov and the constitution
-
antifederalists
against the constitution
-
three major objections to the constitution made by the anti-federalists
- 1.states lose to mush power
- 2. convention too secretive
- 3. no bill of rights to protect citizens
-
how would the anti-federalists be won over to support the US constitution
add a bill of rights
-
the bill of rights are the first__ amendments to the constitution
10
-
federalists papers
-authors
-purpose
-father of constitution because he wrote it
-first state to ratify(approve) constitution
- -james madison, alexander hamilton, john jay
- -essays written to new york newspapers to convince ny to support the constitution
- -james madison
- -delaware
-
two steps to add an amendment to the constitution
- 1. proposing an amendment-2/3 of both houses of congress vote to say one is needed
- 2. ratifying the amendment-3/4 of the states(38) must approve it
-
how does a state get its # of electoral votes
# of reps + 2 senators
-
how does a candidate win the electoral vote within a state
must get a majority to win
-
winner takes all means what
take all the electoral votes of a state regardles of the marhin of victory
-
in order to win an election a candidate needs__ electoral votes
270
-
what happens if nobody gets a majority of electoral votes or it ends in a tie
house picks president senate picks vp
-
# of electoral votes for pa for 2012
total # of electoral votes
-
purpose of executive brancj
enforce the laws
-
qualifications to be president
- -us citizen at birth
- -35+
- -lived in us for 14 years
-
term of president__years with a ___term limit
-
only president to be elected to more then 2 terms
franklin d roosevelt
-
camp david
presidents relaxation home in maryland
-
only official constitutional duty of the vp is to be the president of the ___ however he can only vote if _____
-
if the president and vp are both killed at the same time the person who would then become president is the ___
speaker of the house
-
how could you remove a president if he becomes incapable of carrying out his duties such as developing a serious health problem
vp and majority of the cabinet sign a paper saying the president is unfit
-
constitutional powers of the president 6
- 1 commander in chief of thre military
- 2 pardon
- 3 appointment ex cabinet, federal judges . . .
- 4 make treaties
- 5 suggest laws
- 6 VETO-reject a lwa congress passed
-
for what three jobs does the pres get to appoint
- cabinet
- federal judges
- ambassadors
-
what is the state of the union address
televised speech before congress pres gives to suggest things
-
state department purpose
- -negotiate with countries
- -passports and visas
- -ambassadors
-
defense department purpose
military planning
-
what building is the headquarters of the defense dept.
pentagon
-
the uniformed military officer who oversees all divisions of the military has what title
chairman of the joint chiefs
-
secret sevice
protects the pres and prevents counterfeiting
-
who replaces the vice president should he resign or die before his term is over
congress must approve the presidents selection
-
what is the job of the white house chief of staff
top adviser to the pres
-
what is the presidents yearly salary
400,000
-
purpose of legislative branch is to
pass the laws
-
senate__members
house of reps__members
-
constitutional powers of the US congress 11
- -declare war
- -fund the military
- -tax,spend and borrow money
- -print coin money
- -overide veto-2/3 vote of both houses
- -post offices
- -immigration laws
- -govern DC and all territories
- -(senate only) ok a presidential appointment
- -(senate only)ok a treaty 2/3 vote
- -impeach
-
in order to be a senator must be__years old and for a rep__years old
-
senators term lasts__years rep lasts__years
any term limits for house or senate?
-
captol building
building of congress
-
3 stepos of impeachment
- 1. starts in house-vote to impeach by a majority vote
- 2. senate- holds a trial
- 3. 2/3 of senators must find the president guilty to remove him
-
what was the war power act of 1974
- a. president may send troops to a country and call it an operation
- B. congress must approve within 60 days or the troops come home
-
president pro tempore(and how do you get the job)
- -senator who acts as head of the senate in the VPs absence
- -longest serving member of the majority party
-
current president pro tempore
daniel inouye
-
who is the person in charge of the house
john boehner
-
who is the official person in charge of the senate
vp
-
party whip
keeps members of the party in line and makes them vote with party
-
who is the person with the real power in the senate
harry reid-senate majority leader
-
what is the job of a conference committee
smaller groups in congress with expertise in an area
-
how can congress overide a presidents veto
2/3 vote of both houses of congress
-
filibuster
strategy used by a senator to try and kill a bill by continuously talking
-
cloture
stop a filibuster
-
rider
attachment added to a bill that has nothing to do with the bill
-
8the purpose of judicial branch is to ___ the law
interpret
-
types of crimes that are federal and go to federal court 10
- 1crosses into another state
- 2on federal property
- 3bank robbery
- 4mail crimes
- 5on US ship
- 6against a federal official
- 7disspute between states
- 8lawsuite between citizens of different states
- 9break a federal law/constitution
- 10bribary of public officials
-
how do all fereral and supreme court justices get their job
appointed by president approved by senate
-
what do us marshalls do
- 1arrest federal fugitives
- 2escort prisiners
- 3protect witnesses
-
what are three levels of the federal court system(from lowest to highest)
- 1us district court
- 2court of appeals
- 3supreme court
-
there are __justices that are on the supreme court
9
-
special roles of the chief justice
- 1 swears in the president
- 2 judge at presidents impeachment
-
the current chief justice is ___
john roberts
-
what is the power of judicial review
power to get rid of any law of the president for congress
-
criminal law
wrongs against society
-
civil law
wrongs against individuals
-
felony
misdemeanor
- -more serious crime
- -less serious crime
-
fisrt degree murder
planning/pre-meditation to kill someone
-
second degree murder
killing during a felony
-
voluntary manslaughter
heat of the moment killing
-
involuntary manslaughter
don't want to kill but someone dies because you are irresponsible
-
robbery
taking somethimg from a person by using violence or threats
-
burglary
illegal entry into someones home with the intent to steal
-
larceny
theft of property without violence
-
whats the difference between petty and grand larceny
- petty-theft under 2,000
- grand-theft 2,000 or above or any vehicle
-
arson
vandalism by settiong fire on it
-
embezzlement
taking money that has been entrusted to you for your own use
-
fencing
selling stolen goods
-
whats the differance between agraveted and simple assult
- aggravated-seriuous bodily injury to another
- simple-minor bodily injury to another
-
when are the police aloud to use deadly force and shoot a fleeing suspect
if he poses a threat of death or serious injury to the police or another
-
restitution
amount of money for damage
-
preliminary hearing
judge decides if there is enough evidence for a trial
-
arraignment hearing
enter a plea of guilty or not guilty
-
bail
money put up for your release
-
-
-
-
probation
avoid jail by agreeing to certain rules
-
parole
early release from jail
-
plea bargain
agree to plead guilty but to a lesser charge
-
treason
do something against your country
-
extradition
must return a fugitive to the state where they committed the crime
-
what is class action lawsuit
a group of people are suing together for the same wrongs against them
-
what are the five rights found in the first amendment
- -religioun
- -speech
- -press
- -assemble
- -petition
-
when could the gov give money to a parochial/religous school
-
1 busing to and from school
- 2 secular textbooks
- 3 tax deduction for parents
- 4 academic college buildings
-
what is conscentious objector and how do you prove you are one
- -person who opposes war for religious and personal reasons
- -appose all war/violence not just a particular war
-
defamation
damage anothers reputation through false info
-
libel
slander
- -false written words
- -false spoken words
-
what three things do you need to prove defamation
- 1 your good character and reputation must be hurt
- 2 it must have been read or heard by another person
- 3 what was said was false
-
What did the supreme court say in the miller test about how you define obscenity
an average person using community standards would find something offensive
-
what is perjury
lying in court
-
where does a person have the right of assembly
on public property
-
2nd amendment
- -state has the security of a militia
- -right of people to keep and bear arms
-
3rd amendment
a soldier in time of peace may not stay in ones house without there permission
-
4th amendment
protects against searches
-
what are the five types of people that cannot own a firearm in the us
- 1-convicted a felon
- 2-drug user
- 3-mentally incompetant
- 4-under 18
- 5-domestic abuse
-
warrants expire after__ days
10
-
when do police not have to knock and announce when serving a warrant 3
- 1-warrant says so
- 2-evidence is being destroyed
- 3-police belive there is danger
-
exclusionary rule
any evidence found by searching illegally cannot be used
-
exception to eclusionary rule
inevitable descovery
good faith
- -in time evidence wold have been found anyway
- -police believe they are following correct instroctions
-
who is the only person who may issue a warrant
judge
-
situations when police do not need a search warrant-9
- 1-emergency
- 2-see something illegal in plain veiw
- 3-consent searches-owner says ok
- 4-hot persuit of suspect
- 5-search right after an arrest
- 6-automobile exception
- 7-trash/abandoned property
- 8-airports
- 9-borders
-
what was the ruling in the case mcdonald vs chicago 2010
chicagos handgun ban is unconstitutional
-
what is the partriot act
increased power to search emails, telephone records, and bank statements of suspected terrorists
-
what does no double jeopardy mean
cant be on trial for the same crime twice
-
what amendment gives you protection against self incrimination
5th
-
when do the police have to read someone their amanda rights
when in police custody and being questioned
-
when does a person get the right to a lawyer
when being questioned and in police custody
-
__ people on a trial jury in order to find someone guilty__ must agree
12 and 12
-
What is the purpose of a grand jury and how is it different from a trial jury
grand jury sees if there is enough evidence and trial jury says if someone is guilty or not
-
when is a criminal case not heard by a jury
- 1-waiver
- 2-punishment is less than 6 months
- 3-juvenile
-
according to the case gideon vs wainwright in order for the gov to pay for a lawyer for an indigent (poor defendent) you need:
- 1-cannot afford one AND
- 2-crime is a felony or punishment involves jail
-
3 things that determine the amount of bail:
- 1-how serious crime
- 2-how much money person has
- 3-past criminal record
-
what is the felony murder rule
major accomplices in a felony that results in murder can get the death penalty
-
what is the most common method of capital punishment
lethal injection
-
what did the supreme court rule in 2005 about juveniles and the death penalty
no one can be sentenced to death for a crime committed under 18
-
what does the term fruit of the poisonous tree mean and what do the fruit and tree represent
- evidence illegally obtained cannot be used in court
- -tree-police actions
- -apple-illegal evidence
-
for a federal crime a trial must begin within__ days of an arrest
for a state crime in PA a trial must begin within__days of an arrest if the person is in jail before the trial, or__days if they are out on bail
-
WHat are some of the trial rights found in the 6th amendment
- -right to trial by jury
- -a jury
- -right to an impartial jury
-
-
immunity
free from punishment in return for testifying
-
entrapment
when person is tricked or persuaded into committing a crime by police
-
eminent domain
right to take private property for public use
-
statute of limitations
can't be charged with a crime after a period of time
-
subpoena
document facing a witness to testify
-
public defender
lawyer appointed by the court to defend indigents
-
8th amendment
the right to have bail
-
10th amendment
any power not given to the federal gov goes to the state
-
party associated with conservatives are the
party assoc. with liberals are the
-
first democrat electede president-
republican president-
why did the republican party farm as a political party in the lte 1850s?
- -andrew jackson
- -abreham lincoln
- -against slavery
-
what are the first two states to hold primaries
new hampshire, iowa
-
liberaterian party
total individual liberty
-
why did the whig party first form as a political party in history
anti andrew jackson
-
McCain-Feingold Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 5
- 1-maximum amount of money an individual can contribute-2,400
- 2-maximum amount of money PAC can give-5,000
- 3- cant take money from anyone under 18
- 4-can't take money from noncitizens unless have green card or visia
- 5-stand behind your ad
-
Parts of an election campaign (know the order of them)
- 1.primary election-vote within your party
- 2.national party convention-peprally for party
- 3.general election-voters choose their leaders for office
-
WHat was the supereme court ruling in the case of buckley vs Valeo
candidates can spend as much of their own money as they want
-
closed primary
you can only vote in the primary of the party you are registered with
-
open primary
you choose whether to vote in the republican or democratic primary
-
caucus
party members gather together for face to face meetings in each precinct
-
which kind of primary do we have in PA
closed
-
P.A.C.
unions collect money from members and give it to a candidate
-
incumbent
current leader of an office up for re-election
-
lame duck
new candidate has been voted in, but the current person has time left
-
what 4 presidents have monuments/memorials dedicated to them
lincoln, washignton, JFK, roosevelt
-
what two presidents are buried in Arlington National Cemetery
JFK,Taft
-
WHat does the tomb of the unkown soldier represent and how often is it guarded
represents all soldiers that die and we can't find name recognition-24/7
-
The land of arlington cemetery once belonged to which general in US hitory?
Robert E Lee
-
What is the address of the white house
1600 pennsylvania avenue
-
what is the presidents official guest home called
blair house
-
What building in DC holds a copy of the original decleration of independence,constitution,and bill of rights
national archives
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