-
Pedro Alvares Cavral
- Portugal
- sailed to Calicut
- -- won bloody trade war
- Portugese Control of Indian Ocean
- Claimed Brazil
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Hernán Cortés
- Spain
- landed in Mexico; met Aztecs
- --Ruler: Montezuma II
- Fighting; Cortés takes over Mexico
-
Francisco Pizarro
- Spain
- invaded Peru (Inca Empire)
- --Ruler: Atahualpa
- Killed ruler and many Incans
-
Henry Hudson
- Netherlands (Dutch)
- English Navigator
- Claimed land for Dutch along Atlantic coast of N. America
-
Giovanni da Varrazano
- France
- explored North American coast
- --looking for passage to Asia (failed)
-
Jaques Cartier
- France
- sailed up St. Lawrence River to what is Montreal
- Claimed much of eastern Canada for France
-
Samuel de Champlain
- France- (French mapmaker)
- founded Quebec
- Quebec: 1st permanent French settlement in Americas
-
Jaques Marquette
- France
- explored Mississippi Valley
-
Louis Joliet
- France
- Explored Mississippi Valley
-
Robert Cavelier
- France
- claimed region surrounding Mississippi River for France
-
John Cabot
- England
- explored coast- now Finland
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