-
the route that most drugs are administered by because of convenience, cost, and safety issues
oral
-
route that acts most sloly than other routes
oral
-
the oral route is not used for what types of pT's or conditions?
- -GI intolerance
- -comatose
- -NPO status
-
drugs used in these routes act quickly because of the mucosas thin epithelium and large vascular system, allowing the drug to be absorbed quickly
-
route given to deliver a drug at or immediatly beneath the point of application and which the vascularity will vary in action
topical route
-
route used for drugs to absorb immediately into systemic circulation
respiratory route
-
syringe designed especially for use with insulin
insulin syringe
-
which size insulin syringe is used for low dose insulin
1/2 - 3/10 ml
-
is a prefilled single dose syringe the same as a unit dose?
NO
-
what is the calibration for a tuberculin syringe?
tenths and hundredths of a milliliter
-
glass containers of a single dose drugs are called
ampules
-
glass, single or multiple dose rubber capped drugs are called:
vials
-
what are intradermal or intracutaneous injections used for?
administer local anesthetics, identify allergens, diagnose TB
-
commonly used sites for ID injection
- -inner forearm
- -upper chest
- -upper back
-
drug dosage for an ID injection
0.01-0.1 ml
-
what size syringe is used for ID injections?
25-27 gauge w/ 3/8-1/2 inch
-
injections that put medication betwen the dermis and the subcutaneous tissue
subcutaneous injection
-
subcutaneous injection dosage seldom exceeds:
1.5 ml
-
injections that promote rapid drug absorption and provide provide another rute for drugs that are irritating to the subcutaneous tissue
intramuscular injections
-
4 common IM sites
- -dorsogluteal and ventrogluteal (gluteus maximus)
- -vastus lateralis ( antereolateral thigh)
- - deltoid (upper arm)
-
IM injection method most commonly in the ventrogluteal and dorsogluteal muscles
Z-track (zigzag)
-
increased circulating fluid volume that results from rapid IV infusion.
hypervolemia
-
hypervolemia can cause:
cardiac overload that leads to pulmonary edema, and cardiac failure
-
action of pinching IV tubing to see if blood will rush back into the tube if the needle is still in the vein is called:
flashback
-
what must be documented when IV therapy has begun?
- -date
- -time
- -venipuncture site
- -# of attempts
- -equipment used
-
why is a blood transfusion given?
to replace blood loss with whole blood or blood components
-
what is whole bloods refrigerated shelf life?
35 days
-
what is the shelf life of RBC's or plasma if frozen?
3 years
-
what does whole blood contain?
red blood cells and plasma componens of blood
-
why is whole blood used/needed?
it is used when all components of blood are needed to restore blood volume and oxygen-carrying capacity of blood
-
what must done prior to a blood transfusion?
type and cross match
-
how long should blood administration begin after it is recieved from the bank?
30 mins
-
what are nursing actions if a blood reaction should occur during blood transfusion?
- 1. stop transfusion
- 2. keep vein open with 0.9% normal saline
- 3. notify the physician
-
what should be done if the tip of the eye dropper should touch any part of the clients eye?
discard the medication
-
what does signs of drainage from the ear usually indicate?
perforated tympanic membrane
-
this type of rectal medication is used to reduce fever, relieve pain or local iritation, and stimulate peristalsis and defecation in constipated clients
suppository
-
if a client is unable to hold a suppository in either the sims or prone position what must a nurse do?
inform the physician
-
iodine allergy must be assessed when administering what type of insillation?
- vaginal instillation
- (bc of preparations containing povidone iodine)
-
type of medication that is administered to the skin, eyes, ears, nose, throat, rectum, or vagina
topical medication
-
how is a systemic effect prevented with the use of eye drops?
apply pressure on the inner canthus
-
rectal suppositories are contraindicated on what type of clients?
- -cardiac clients
- -clients recovering from rectal or prostate surgery
-
Safe medication administration protocol and
procedure
R. TRAMPD
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