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4 types of headaches and a common cause for headaches
- Tension headaches
- Cluster headaches
- migraine
- secondary headaches
- common cause: cranial arteries
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Tension Headaches are:
- Band or tightness - steady constant feeling of pressure
- more chronic than severe
- Probably the most common type of headache
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Cluster headaches
- Severe form of vascular headache
- unilateral - clusters of 1 to 8 daily: excruciating pain,localized to one eye and orbit and radiating to face
- prolonged/steady lasting 30 to 90 minutes
- crescendo to decrescendo
- seen 5 times more frequently in men
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Migrainesand its 4 phases
- A symptom complex characterized by re occurrence and period attacks of severe headaches
- unidentified cause but the patho is a vascular disturbance
- Phases: Prodrome, acute, headache, recovery
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Secondary headaches
- A symptom associated with an organic cause
- Brain aneurysm
- May be symptom of: brain tumor or subarachnoid hemorrhage.
- Stroke
- Severe hypertension
- Meningitis
- Head injuries
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Types of stroke
- Ischemic Stroke
- Hemorrhagic
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Ischemic stroke, pathology and manifestations
- Defined as a sudden loss of function resulting from disruption of the blood supply to a part of the brain - usually a result to long-standing cerebral vascular disease
- Patho: Th disruption of blood flow to the brain is caused by an obstruction of the blood vessel
- Manifestations: numbness or weakness of the face, arm or leg, especially on one side of the body
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Hemorrhagic Stroke causes, patho, and manifestations, and how can it be diagnosed?
- caused by intercranial or subarachnoid hemorrhage from intercranial aneurysm
- more deficits and longer recovery time than with ischemic strokes
- patho: bleeding into the brain
- - 80% are caused by uncontrolled hypertension; spontaneous rupture of small blood vessels
- - other causes are arteriovenous malformations, intracanial aneurysms or certain medications (anticoagulants and amphetamines)
- Manifestations: wide variety of neurologic deficits similar to an ischemic stroke
- Diagnosed through CT scan
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