semester exam study guide.txt

what are the larggest arteries and veins in the body

vessels that contain valves that prevent the backflow of blood

most muscular and elastic blood vessels

connect arterioles with venules

blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart

blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

have this walls containing only one layer of cells

allow oxygen and nutrients to pass through to cells

what are the 4 components of blood

transports oxygen and carbon dioxide

involved in clotting

fights disease

condition occurs when the heart muscles do not beat adequately to supply the blood needs of the body

occurs when fatty plaques are deposited on the walls of arteries

occurs when there is an inadequate number of red blood cells, hemoglobin, or both

occurs when a blockage in coronary arteries cuts off the blood supply to the heart

the ballooning out of an artery wall

the two phases of ventilation are

what are the two main muscles of respiration and where are they located

the diaphragm is a muscle that separates the abdominal cavity from the thoracic cavity. it can _1_ to increase the volume of the chest cavity and _2_ to decrease the volume of the chest cavity

tiny hair like structures in the nasal cavity and trachea that help trap dirt and germs and push them toward the esophagus to be swallowed

tiny air sacs in the lungs where gass exchange takes place

cavities in the skull. provide resonance for the voice

secretions that traps germs and dirt in the nasal passages

lines the inner surface of the alveoli- prevents alveoli collapse

membrane or sac enclosing each lung. consists of 2 layers

opening between the vocal cords

piece of cartilage that encloses the opening into the airway during swallowing

wall of cartilage that divides the nose into two hollow spaces

smallest branches of the bronchi

voice box. lies between the pharynx and the trachea

nerve receptors for the sense of smell located in the nose

side of the heart that receives blood (freshly oxygenated) from the lungs

what is the normal respiratory rate for an adult

the respiratory rate for a child or infant is usually faster or slower

what disease is the most common cause of chronic illness in children under the age of 17

what disease was the leading cause of death in the united states until 1936

new vaccines are developed each year to immunize against this disease because many different viruses can cause it

chronic irritation of the lungs from smoking is the primary cause of this disease

another name for a nose bleed

a chronic, noninfectious, progressive respiratory condition that occurs when walls of the alveoli deteriorate and lose their elasticity

an inflammation of the larynx and vocal cords

a respiratory disease caused by increased responsiveness of the tracheobronchial tree to various stimuli

a viral infection of the upper respiratory system

an inflimmation or infection of the lungs characterized by exudate in the alveoli

inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane

inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the sinuses

treatment of epistaxis includes having the patient

3 possible triggers of an asthma attack

name 2 normal defence mechanisms of the airway

3 factors that can predispose a patient to pnemonia

name 2 diseases that can be caused by smoking

why must nails be kept short and clean

often called a dictator

encourages participation

informal type of leader

list 4 characteristics of leaders

what part of the nervous system responds when the body is under stress

what hormone is released into the blood stream as a result of stress

list 4 possible stressors

list 2 diseases that have stress related origins