Psych Chpt 13

deviate from cultural norm
maladaptive-interferes with at least one large aspect of life
cause of personal distress

generally more severe disorders, can be temporary or long lasting, low level of functioning

milder disorders, longstanding, high level of functioning

not based solely on self-report
ask questions associated with certain disorders

Part of current DSM:
disfunctions of the brain
ex: amnesia

Part of current DSM:
ex: alcoholism

Part of current DSM:
psychologically induced physical disorders
ex: blindness without cause

Part of current DSM:
altered identity
ex: fugue

a mental disorder characterized by alterations in perceptions, emotions, thoughts or consciousness
means "splitting of the mind"
-irrational thoughts based on delusional beliefs
-hallucinations

little emotional response to things that generally evoke responses

extreme responses to things that do not usually evoke responses

delusions of gradeur and or persecution
-seem normal until you discuss the area of paranoia

severe motor disturbance, usually characterized by muscular stupor, mutism or echolalia

severe maladaptive behacior (babling, disorganized thought and speech, loosened associations)

does not fit in categories, may have multiple symptoms

ex: delusions, hallucinations
= excessive behavior

deficits in functioning

emotional disturbances, can be positve or negative

a disorder characterized by severe neg. moods orlack of interest in normally pleasurable activities

mild/moderate depresson

mood disorder characterized by alternating periods of depression and mania

cognitive model of depression in which people feel unable to control events around them
-have unhealthy attributional style
-characterized by low serotonin

a special case of depression
-when days get shorter
can be treated with light exposure

chronic high lefvel of anxiety without specific focus
-just constantly worried

attentional bias toward potential threats or threat words

specific fear of an object or action; irrationally exagerated

anxiety disorder characterized by sudden, overwhelming attacks of terror
-fear of attack is the most debilitating part

anxiety disorder characterized by frequent intrusive thoughts and compulsive actions

intrusive thoughts
part of OCD

ritualistic actions that reduce anxiety
part of OCD

loss of contact with memory or identity- controversial
occurence of 2 or more distinct identities in a person
report blackouts- divergent behavior, preferences
-could be caused by severe childhood trauma

loss of memory and personal identity, but still have memory for knowledge and skills

strongly disliking one's genitals, hoping they will disappear
aversion to gender typical items
cause of distress

personality disorder characterized by identity, affective and impulse disturbances
-on border between psychotic and normal
-lack storng sense of self

lack of empathy and remorse
-psychopaths are extreme cases
-behaving in socially undesirable ways
-no fear or anxiety
-low level of arousal
-small amygdala, less responsive to neg. stimuli, deficit and frontal lobe function

a childhood disorder:
a pattern of hyperactive, inattentive and impulsive behavior that causes social or academic impairment

a childhood disorder:
-characterized by unresponsiveness; impaired language, social and cognitive development; and restricted and repetitive behavior

a childhood disorder:
-the repeated passing of feces or urination in inappropriate places by children from whom continence should be expected

a childhood disorder:
-marked by substantially low performance in reading, mathematics, or written expression with regard to what is expected for age, amount of education and intelligence

a childhood disorder:
-characterized by below-average intellectual functioning (IQ lower than 70) and limited adaptive functioning that begins before age 18

a childhood disorder:
-the repeated regurgitation and rechewing of partially digested food, not realated to nausea or gastrointestinal disorder

a childhood disorder:
-failure to speak in certain social situations, despite the ability to speack in other situations; interferes with social or academic achievement

a childhood disorder:
-recurrent motor and voacl tics that cause marked distress or impairment and are not related to a general medical condition

high functioning autism
-have normal intelligence, but deficits in social interaction

unaware of others, don't smile at caregiver, reject physical contact, don't respond to vocalization, no eye contact