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What are the five shapes of bones?
- long
- flat
- short
- irregular
- sesamoid
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destroy warn out bone
osteoclasts
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builds bone (growth and repair)
osteoblasts
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immovable joints:
skull structures
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slighty moveable:
between vertebrae
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ball and socket joints:
- (most moveable joint) hip
- shoulders
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Gliding joints-
- (bones slide past each other)
- wrist
- ankle
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Saddle joint:
opposable thumb
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Pivot joint:
- (rotates and twists)
- elbow
- atlas/axis
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lifting foot
dorsiflexion
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pointing toe
plantarflexion
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decreases angle of joint and two bones come closer together
flexion
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increases angle of joint; hyperextension
extension
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moving away from midline
abduction
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moving toward midline
adduction
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_____ skeleton (support) skull, spine, ribcage
axial
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_______ skeleton (movement) pectoral girdle, arm, pelvic girdle, legs
appendicular
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outer covering of the bone; protects
Periosteum
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loacted in the epiphysis of bones and contains marrow.
spongy bone
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dense bone that forms the stout walls of the diaphysis in long bones and the thinner outer surface of other bones.
compact bone
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the cavity of the diaphysis that contains red marrow in the young bones but as the bones occur it turns to yellow marrow.
medullary cavity
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the end of a long bone
epiphysis
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(growth plate) marks the end of growth in an adult.
Epiphysial line
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the shaft or central part of a long bone
diaphysis
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produces red blood cells; located in the epiphysis (ends)
red marrow
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stores fat; located in the diaphysis (shaft, center)
yellow marrow
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