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Chap 4.5 Vocab
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genetic code
the amino acids and stop signals that are coded for by each of the possible mRNA codons
gene
a section of DNA on a chromosome used for making specific proteins
stop codon
indicates where protein production should stop
start codon
indicates where protein production should start
- always AUG
- codes for the amino acid "Met"
RNA(ribonucleic acid)
a nucleic acid similar to DNA in three main ways:
1) RNA is a single sttrand
2) uses the base uracil instead of thymine
3) contains ribose instead of deoxyribose
nucleotide
made up of three parts:
1) sugar- deoxyribose
2) phospate group
3) nitrogen base
- adenine
-guanine
-cytosine
-thymine
transcription
when information on the DNA is transferred to mRNA
gene expression
processing information from DNA to proteins
pyrimidenes
single rings
-thymine
-cytosine
tRNA(transfer RNA)
acts as an interpreter molecule
mutation
a permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene or chromosome
translation
when information on the mRNA is used to make a protein
anticodon
a three nucleotide sequence on a tRNA that is complimentary to a codon
mRNA (messenger RNA)
an RNA used as a blueprint for a protein
double helix
two strands of DNA twisted together
codon
a three nucleotide sequence on an mRNA that is complimentary to an anticodon and serves as the instructions for making a protein
replication
the process of synthesizing a new strand of DNA
rRNA (ribosomal RNA)
becomes part of the ribosome
purines
double rings
-adenine
-guanine
Author
KMSstudygeek
ID
8719
Card Set
Chap 4.5 Vocab
Description
vocab to know for the chapter 4.5 test
Updated
2010-03-02T01:20:26Z
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