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Metabolism
The total of all chemical reactions in an organism
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Enzymes
- Cellular protiens that aid in chemical reactions
- Causes changes in cells by breaking things apart or putting them together
- Causes a change, but is not changed in the process
- Each chemical reaction requires a specific enzyme
- Requires energy for EVERY chemical reaction they cause
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Active site
Where the chemical reaction takes place
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Substrate
Substance or substances that are affected by the enzyme
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Producer
- An organism that makes its own food
- Converts energy from the sun into useable energy
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Consumer
- An organism that CANNOT make its own food
- Uses energy from other organisms
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Photosynthesis
- The process of converting energy from the sun (light energy) into a useable form of energy (chemical energy)
- Clorophyll captures the light needed for this reaction
- Extra glucose made is stored as starch
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Chemical energy
Energy that is stored in the bonds of molecules
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6CO^2 + 6H^2O + light energy > C^6H^12+6O^2
- Process of photosynthesis
- Six molecules of carbon dioxide, six moleculea of water, & light energy yields 1 molecule of sugar & six molecules of oxygen
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Cellular respiration
- The chemical reactions that break down food molecules into simpler substances and release the energy stored in them
- Requires energy
- Begins in cytoplasm then moves into mitochondria
- In the cytoplasm, enzymes break dowm carbs into glucose then into pyruvates
- In the mitochondria, they are broken down even further releasing large amounts of energy (ATP)
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6O^2 + C^6H^12+6O^2 > 6CO^2 + 6H^2O + chemical energy
- Process of cellular respiration
- Six molecules of oxygen and one molecule of sugar yeilds six molecules of water, six molecules of caebon dioxide, and chemical energy
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Fermentation
- Only occurs when cells do not have enough oxygen for cellular respiration
- Cells use fermentation to release energy from glucose molecules
- Only happens in cytoplasm
- Produces energy, lactic acid or alcohol, and carbon dioxide
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Lactic acid
The substance released in fermentation that makes your musces sore
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