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the head end
cranial or cephalic
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the upper portion, or that which is above
superior
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the lower portion, or that which is below
inferior
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the forward surface of towards the front
anterior
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the rear surface or towards the rear
posterior
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refers to the location nearer the midline that other location
medial
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refers to a location farther from the midline that another location
lateral
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nearer the main axis of the body, or nearer the point or attachment
proximal
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away from the main axis of the body, or away from the point of attachment
distal
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at or near the surface
superficial
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away from the surface
deep
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a plane that extends from left to right and from dorsal to ventral, giving cranial and caudal portions
transverse or cross
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a plane that extends from cranial to caudal; longitudinal and transverse planes intersect ar right angles
longitudinal
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a longitudinal plane that divides the body into right and left portions
sagittal
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a longitudinal plane that passes through the midline to divide the body into right and left halves
midsagittal
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a longitudinal plane that extends from left to right and cranial to caudal, giving dorsal and ventral portions
frontal or coronal
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a deep pit pr socket in the maxillae or mandible
alveolus
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the junction of two bones
articulation
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cleft into two parts or branches
bifid
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a passageway through a bone
canal, meatus
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a spiral structure like a seashell
concha
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a large, smooth, rounded articulating oval structure
condyle
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describing a projection like a crow's beak
coracoid
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describing a triangular projection ending in a sharp point
coronoid
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associated with or a part of the ribs
costal
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a narrow, prominent ridgelike projection
crest
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perforated like a sieve
cribriform
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half a facet, part of an articular surface shared by two adjacent bones
demifacet
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the middle portion of a long bone, the shaft
diaphysis
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a projection adjacent to a condyle
epicondyle
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the end of a long bone
epiphysis
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a small, flat, shallow articulating surface
facet
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a narrow, slit-like opening through a bone
fissure
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a rounded passageway through a bone
foramen
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a flattened or shallow depression
fossa
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shaped like a shallow socket
glenoid
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a prominent, rounded epiphysis
head
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a thin, flat plate
lamina
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a low rigde, less prominent than a crest
line
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a club-shaped or hammer-shaped process
malleoulus
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a passageway through a bone
meatus, canal
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a constricted portion adjacent to a head
neck
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an indentation or V-shaped depression
notch
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associated with the nape of the neck
nuchal
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a supported column or stalk
pedicle
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any marked bony prominence
process
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an angular extension of a bone relative the rest of the structure; a branch
ramus
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a cavity or hollow space in bone
sinus
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a pointed, slender process
spine
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pointed, pen-like
styloid
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the line of union in an immovable articulation
suture
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a massive, rough projection found only on the femur
trochanter
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a smooth, grooved pulley-like articular process
trochlea
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a small, round projection
tubercle
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a large, rough projection
tuberosity
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shaped like a sword
xiphoid
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