-
excessive intakes and deficient intakes of all vitamins and minerals impare the
immune system
-
what supports a healthy immune system?
vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients
-
what is the first line of defense against infection?
skin and mucous membranes
-
the number 1 and 2 killers in the US are
heart disease and cancer
-
how many of the 10 leading causes of death is related to nutrition
4?
-
most people have well developed plauges by what age?
30 years old
-
steps to help heart disease
- exercise more
- more veggies and fruit
- less fat, saturated fats, cholesterol
- and less salt
-
cvd affects men and women but has killed more
women
-
ideal blood pressure is
120/80
-
steps to cancer development
- exposure to carcinogen
- entry of carcinogen into the cell
- initiation
- enhancement of cancer development by promoters
-
dietary recomondations
- high intake of veggies/fruits and whole grains
- avoid fat, alcohol, smoked foods and meats
-
what percent of cancers are influenced by diet?
30-40%
-
FDA major concerns
- foodborne illness
- toxins in foods
- residues in foods
- nutrients in foods
- intentional food additives
- genetically modified fods
-
know agencies that moniter the food supply
FDA, CDC, EPA, USDA, WHO
-
3 things bacteria needs to grow
warmth, moisture, and nutrients
-
what food is susceptible to bacterial contamination?
meat and poultry
-
problems with raw seafood
worms flukes and other paracites
-
4 ways to protect family from foodborne illnesses
- refridgerate leftovers
- do not eat raw food items
- disinfect kitchen counters
- defrost items in the fridgerator
-
two types of additives
- incidental
- intentional- artificial color
- preservatives
- thinkening agents
-
you should thaw frozen meats
in the refrigerator
-
single most potent indicator of an infant's future health
the infants birth wieght
-
characteristics of a fetus at 8 weeks
no more webbed feet and toes. organs are starting to work
-
define low birth weight
less than 5 1/2 pounds normally i premature infants or in infants who didnt grow properly in the uterus
-
how much weight needed to gain during each trimester.
- 1: 2-4
- 2: 3-4
- 3: one pound a week
-
what nutrient plays a role in neural tube defect
The b vitamin folate helps prevent neural tube defects
-
what lifestyle factors should be avoided while pregnant
drugs, excessive exercise, smoking, and drinking alcohol
-
Breast milk is lacking what vitamin?
no vitamn d
-
what age does a childs appetite fluxuate
after the 1st birthday
-
components of a true food allergy
- antibodies, symptoms occur 24 hours after consumed.
- 4 major ones are nuts, eggs, milk, and soy
-
how to prevent a child from choking
child should be sitting, and grapes should be cut into bite size peices.
-
normal everyday causes for wild hyperactive behavior in children beucase of
desire for attention, lack of sleep, overstimulation, too much tv and lack of exercise
-
what does a tv do to a child?
for every hour viewed, there is a 2% increase in obesity
-
best way to tell if a teenager is growing properly
- men: increase 12 inches and increase 50-60 pounds
- women: increase 10 inches and 40-50 pounds
-
what is the fastest growing age group in our society is
over 85 years old
-
most important meal of the day
breakfast
-
older adults should drink how much water
6-8 glasses
-
why do energy needs in older people decrease
disease in metabolism, muscle mass, and activity
-
what happens to birthrate when pverty decreases
it increases
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