CHEMISTRY Properties of Matter

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Anything that takes up space and has mass

matter
A measure of how much matter is in an object

mass
A measure of the gravitational force between an object and the earth

weight
Uniform throughout

homogeneous
Not uniform throughout

herterogeneous
What are some homogeneous things?
- Elements
- Compounds
- Solutions
What are some heterogeneous things?
- Granite
- Ice water
- OJ with pulp
A kind of matter that has a unique set of properties

Pure substance
Basic substances that can't be broken down into anything simpler by a chemical reaction

Element
Two or more different elements chemically combined

Compound
Chemical symbols and subscripts that describe the composition of a compound

Chemical formula
What are the important characteristics of all compounds?
- Homogeneous
- Constituents have a definite proportion
- Made and broken down by chemical reactions
- Properties differ from those of the constituents
What are the important characteristics of a mixture?
- Homogeneous or heterogeneous
- Varied portions of constituents
- Made and separated physically
- Properties are the same as constituents
Two or more substances physically combined

Mixture
Homogeneous mixture of one or more substances dispersed as atoms, molecules, or ions throughout another substance

Solution
A charged atom

Ion
The dispersed substance in a solution

Solute
The substance in which the solute is dispersed in a solution

Solvent
What are the types of solutions?
- Gaseous - Solvent and solute are both gases or vapors
- Liquid - Solvent is a liquid, Solute could be a solid, liquid or gas
- Solid - Solvent and solute are both solids
A solid solution

Alloy
A liquid solution in which water is the solvent

Aqueous
What are two concentration units?
- Molarity - M
- Percentage - %
Concentration is the measure of solute per _____ of solvent

liter
What are some ways to separate mixtures?
- Solubility
- Boiling point
- Magnetism
- Mechanical picking
- Sifting
- Magnetic picking
- Filtration
- Dissolving
- Distillation
- Chromatography
- Mass spectroscopy
Type of property that is independent of amount

Intensive
Type of property that is dependent on amount

Extensive
Type of property that describes how a substance reacts with another

Chemical
Type of property that doesn't describe reactions

Physical
What are some intensive property examples?
- Color
- Boiling/melting point
- Odor
What are some extensive property examples?
- Mass
- Weight
- Surface area
- Volume
What are some chemical property examples?
- X reacts with air
- X reacts with water
- X doesn't react with nitrogen
- X is combustible
What are some physical property examples?
- Color
- Mass
- Boiling point
- Volume
Processes that give off energy

Exothermic
Processes that absorb energy

Endothermic
All changes of matter involve ______

Energy
What are some forms of energy?
- Chemical
- Mechanical
- Light
- Sound
- Heat
- Magnetic
- Electrical
What kind of change produces a new substance?

Chemical
What kind of change does not produce a new substance?

Physical
What are some examples of evidence of a chemical change?
- Bubbles/gas
- Odor change
- Sudden temperature change
- Color change
- Change in magnetism/conductivity
- Obvious new substance
- Change in mass
A statement of an observed phenomenon that does not explain how or why it occurs

Law
What is the law of Conservation of Matter?

Matter cannot be created or destroyed by a chemical reaction
An explanation of how or why a phenomenon occurs based on limited information

Hypothesis
An explanation of how or why a phenomenon occurs based on lots of reapeatable information

Theory
What is chemistry?
- The study of matter and its:
- Compostion
- Structure
- Properties and
- Changes

Author

Natalie

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Card Set

CHEMISTRY Properties of Matter

Description

properties of matter

Updated

2010-03-01T20:32:57Z

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