NeuroDiseasesDrugs_Lab9_CorticalThalamus.txt

Lesion to multimodal association areas (not primary sensory loss). Umbrella term which describes inability to recognize familar person or objects. (Astereognosis, Finger agnosia, visual agnosias, auditory agnosia etc.)

Inabilty to recognize objects by touch or recognize letter traced onto the hand.

inability to distinguish individual fingers

Damage to right fusiform gyrus. Inability to recognize familiar faces.

pure word deafness or inability to recognize rhythms, tones, melodies

lack of awareness or denial of own deficit

Lesion of parietal, frontal or cerebellum. Umbrella term which describes the inability to perform specific actions (ideomotor, constructional, agraphia, acalculia)

Lesion of inferior parietal lobe. inability to write

Inability to perform simple arithmetic

Lesion of parietal association area. Inability to copy a drawing or build a stimple structure

Lesion of parietal association area. Cannot carry an action in response to a simple command

Deficit in spatial awareness, abilites, and attention. Cannot carry out visually guided movements.

Lesion in nondominant (right) parietal association area. Patient ignores one side of the body (left) completely.

Lesion in dominant (left) inferior parietal lobe. Four hallmark signs: Agraphia, Acalculia, Right-left confusion, Finger agnosia.

Lesion in the right parietal hemisphere produces a more pronounced loss of visual attention to the entire visual field. Left lesion only causes loss of some of right visual field.

Lesion to the left causes depression, lesion to the right causes mania. Loss of Executive Functions (restraint, initiative, order/organizational planning). Also emotional changes, social changes, distractibility, impaired working memory, perseveration, anosmia, incontinence, frontal release signs. Preservation of IQ, episodic memory, language, perception, spatial organization.

Wisconsin card sort task tests perseverance (ability to change rules).

Tests planning and sequencing

Test inhibition by showing words of colors in a different color and told to name the color, not read the word.

Tests working memory

Those who have had their corpus callosum severed to treat epileptic seizures in the area. Patients report that their left sides seems to have a mind of its own.

Infarct of superior MCA causes damage to Brodmann 44 and 45 (left inferior frontal gyrus). Associated with paresis of right arm. Difficulty producing language (non-fluent, motor, expressive aphasia). Can not repeat given words back to you. Comprehension alright so patient is frustrated cus aware of own deficit.

Infarct in the MCA-ACA watershed. Like Broca's but can repeat words back

Infarct of inferior MCA causes damage to Brodmann 22 (post. superior temporal gyrus). Associated with right upper visual quadrantopia and other apraxia. Difficulty with reading, writing, and speech comprehension (fluent, sensory or receptive aphasia), cannot repeat words back. Patient is unitellegible. Speech production okay.

Infarct in the MCA-PCA watershed. Like Wernicke's but can repeat words back

Infarct in arcuate fasiculus interrupts connection between Broca and Wern. Cannot name pictures, repeat sentences, or assemble phenomes. Comprehension and fluency is intact.

Like conduction but can repeat words back

Infarct of sup. and inf. MCA causes massive perisylvian damage. No comprehension, formulation or repetition of speech. Able to recite old songs, name and alphabet.

Infarct of PCA will damage left striate cortex (left LGN or left optic tract) and splenium of the corpus callosum causes the loss of the ability to read. Right visual field was knocked out from before. Left visual field is intact but cannot be transferred from the right visual cortex to the language circuit which is located on the left (splenium legion).

FOXP2 mutation causes a loss of language/verbal skills. IQ, memory and social skills are okay. suports modular view of language.

Mutation in chromosome 7. Causes loss of IQ and visual spatial skills. Opposite of autism or DS. Language, emotion, and expression are okay. Supports modular view of language

Inability to speak cus of weakness/loss of coordination of tongue and face muscles.

Pain, hyperalgesia, and allodynia on contralateral face and upper extremities due to post-stroke pathalogical plasticity in the somatosensory pathways.

Lesion in anterior temporal lobe that catches Meyer's loop of contralateral side.

FEF

pontine