patho test 3

This consists of inspired air then forceful expiration to remove irritant

This type of pneumonia is caused by multiple bacteria

This type of pneumonia produces yellow-green sputum

Cause of legionnaire's disease

Cystic fibrosis is caused by

how does blood transport 70% of CO2?

Name 2 ways O2 travels in blood

Bacterial infection produces what kind of sputum?

Pneumococcal pneumonia produces what kind of sputum?

Thick, sticky, bloody sputum = what kind if infection?

Hemoptysis results in what kind of sputum?

Define "eupena"

how many inspirations per minute is the normal rate

What are deep rapid inspirations called?

What are high pitched, crowing respirations called?

Name and define 3 Respiratory disease breath sounds

Define dyspnea

define orthopnea

Defien cyanosis

Define hypoxia

deien hypoxemia

Most common cause of rhinitis-

Pneumococci, streptococci, and haemophilius influenza cause what?

symptoms of sinusitis include-

Lobar pneumonia (pneumonococcal) is caused by

what arae the 2 stages of lobar pneumonia?

lobar pneumonia signs/symptoms

may arise as nosocomial infection in institutions affecting persons with other lung diseases

cause a defect in exocrine glands that produce abnormally thick secretion

cystic fibrosis is caused by-

blockage of ileum w/mucus at birth, salty skin, digestive dysfunction, chronic cough, frequent resp infections are signs/symptoms of-

acute episodes, triggered by hypersensitivity reaction to inhaled antigens, family history of allergies

adult onset, hyper-responsive tissues in airways targeted

drug resistant strains, 10% of infected develop active disease, many cases latent/undiagnosed

no purulent exudate, aerobuc, slow growing bacillus w/resistant cell wall, primarily in lings but other organs can be infected

infection occurs wen mocrobes invade the lungs causing local inflammatory response (peripheral upper lobes), bacilli cause hypersensitivity response, granuloma formation form tubercle

lesions walled off by fibrous tissue hat has calcified-

bacteria remain viavle but dormant, patient exposed and infected but active disease is not present and remains asymptomatic

active infection insues, necrosis leads to cavitation, lg areas of lung tissue destroyed, hemoptysis are all pathophisiology of-

transmission from inhalation of oral droplets, infection determined by Mantoux test

Three forms of COPD-

characterized by destruction of alveolar walls and septae=lg permanently filled air spaces

may be classified by location-distal alveoli (panacinar) or bronchiolar (centrilobular)

air pollutants, genetic factor, and smoking contribute to etiology

dyspnea, clubbed fingers, and barrel chest are signs and symptoms

common signs of digestive disorders

frequent,loose watery stool, classified by volume, consistancy, smell and blood

"fatty diarrhea" bulky, greasy, loose stols with fou odor

red blood on surface of stool

small hidden amounts of blood in stool(detected by testing)

dark colored, tarry stool, bacteria causes dark color

occurs most commonly in proximal duodenum, sinlge round cavaties w/ smooth margins

complications include hemorrhage, perforation, obstruction, epigastric burning

formation of masses od solid material tha formin bile aka gallstones

refers to inflammation of gallbladder and cystic duct

inflammation related to infection of bile ducts

pertains to obstruction of the common bile duct by gallstones

consist of cholesterol, bile pigments (billirubin) and calcium salts----white(crystalline-consist of cholesterol) or black (consist of billirubin)

inflammation of liver due to local infection, systemic infection, chemical/drug toxicity, or idiopathic

oral-fecal transmission(water and shell fish) outbreaks in day care centers, incubation 2-6 weeks, acute infection, vaccine available

Caused by DNA virus with 3 antigens, carrier state is common, incubationof 2 months, transmitted ny blood and body fluids, vaccine available (formerly known as serum hepatitis)

caused by single strand RNA virus, transmitted by blood and blood transfusions, carrier and chronic, no vaccine (formerly called non-A-non-B)

caused by RNA virus and requires HBV fr replicaion, 2-10 week incubation

caused by RNA virus (HEV), oral-fecal spread

name the three stages of hepatitis

gamma globulin given early can lessen course, gradual liver destruction leading to cirrhosis and cancer may occur

caused by hepatoxins, exposure may be sudden or long term, signs similar to viral infection

list four general categories of cirrhosis

alcoholic liver disease is also known as

list 3 stages of alcoolic cirrhosis

2 key apthophysiologic effects of cirrhosis are-

fluid accumulation causing abdominal distension and pressure known as:

reduction of bile secreted, back up to liver, blockageof blood flow(hemolysis), impaired digestion and absorption are what effects of cirrhosis?

decreased removal f bilirubin and decreased production of bile, impaired idgestion and absorption, decreased production of plasma proteins, decreased removal of toxic substances

crohn's disease, lcerative colitis are:

crohn's disease is also known as:

herniation or outpouching of mucosa in colon

asymptomatic disease where multiple diverticula are present

inflammation of the diverticula, common in western societies, in older adults