Philosophical figures

• 11th century philosopher
• ontological argument for existence of God

• 13th century philosopher
• "Five Ways"-five proofs of existence of God

• 3rd century BCE Greek philosopher
• criticized Plato's theory of Forms; first to systematize logic

• 4-5th century bishop/philosopher
• Neo-platonist, profound influence on medieval religious thought

• British philosopher of language
• developed speech act theory

• British philosopher of law
• utilitarian

• French philosopher
• dualist, rejected mechanistic/deterministic approach to understanding reality

• Irish philosopher
• idealist, empiricist

• English philosopher
• idealist
• wrote:Appearance and Reality

• German philosopher and psychologist
• "doctrine of intentionally"

• German philosopher
• logical positivist

• American linguist and philosopher
• innate universal grammar

English philosopher and theologian

• American philosopher of language and philosopher of mind
• theory of anomalous monism-Mind/Body relationship

• 3-4th BCE Greek philosopher
• atomic theory

• French rationalist philosopher
• mathematician
• mind/body relation=Cartesian dualism
• "coqito ergo sum"=I think therefore I am

• American pragmatist philosopher
• educational theorist

• Marx's collaborator
• dialectical materialist

• German mathematician and philosopher
• founder of modern logic
• father of analytic philosophy

• American philosopher
• nominalist
• wrote:Fact Fiction and Forcast, Languages of Art

• German idealist philosopher
• dialectic theory=process of argument which proceeds from a thesis and its antithesis to a synthesis of the two

• German philosopher
• existentialist but claimed not to be

• German empiricist philosopher of science
• confirmation/explanation theories

• 4th BCE pre-Socratic philosopher
• everything always in state of flux

• British materialist philosopher
• political scientist
• wrote:Leviathan

• Scottish philosopher
• historian, empiricist
• drew attention to problem of induction

• German philosopher
• phenomenologist

• American philosopher
• psychologist, empiricist, pragmatist

• German idealist philosopher
• "act only on that maxim which you can at the same time will to become a universal law"

• Danish philosopher
• existentialist

• American philosopher
• logician, "Naming and Necessity"
• causal theory of reference

• German rationalist philosopher
• best of all possible worlds argument

• 5th BCE Greek philosopher
• atomic philosophy

• English philosopher
• physician, Enlightenment thinker, "Essay Concerning Human Understanding"

• German social theorist
• wrote:Das Kapital

• French philosopher
• worked on ethics and problems of consciousness

• Scottish philosopher
• economist
• father of J.S. Mill

• English empiricist philosopher
• System of Logic, ethical writings, Utilitarianism; On Liberty

• British philosopher
• Principia Ethica

• American philosopher of science
• The Structure of Science

• Austrian logical positivist philosopher
• member of Vienna Circle

• German philosopher
• concept of Ubermensch (Overman)

• 14th century English philosopher and cleric famous for Ockham's Razor
• dictum "Do not multiply entities beyond necessity

• French philosopher
• mathematician, theologian
• "Pascal's Wager"-argument providing prudential reasons for believing in God

• American philosopher
• founder of pragmatism

• BCE Greek philosopher
• wrote dialogs Socrates (main character)->ethics, epistemology, and metaphysics
• Theory of Forms (ideas)

3rd century Neoplatonist philosopher

• philosopher of science
• wrote:The Logic of Scientific Discovery
• falsifiability is the hallmark of science

general term for all of the Greek philosophers before Socrates

• 6th century BCE, pre-Socratic philosopher
• mathematician
• transmigration of souls

American empiricist philosopher of language and logician

• American political philosopher and ethicist
• A Theory of Justice

• Scottish philosopher
• defended commonsense view-through our senses we can have knowledge of a mind-independent reality

Political philosopher and philosopher of education

• British philosopher
• Pricipia Mathematica
• arguments in "On Denoting" "The Principles of Logical Atomism"
• believed structure of world can be revealed by language analysis

• British philosopher of language and philosopher of mind
• proponent of logical behaviorism

• American Platonist philosopher
• novelist and poet

• French philosopher
• Marxist
• existentialist

• Logical positivist philosopher
• founder of Vienna Circle

• German philosopher
• Kantian
• The World As Will and Idea

• Scottish philosopher and political economist
• wrote:The Wealth of Nations

• Rationalist philosopher
• Tractatus Theologico-Politicus

• 4th century BCE Greek philosopher
• ideas survived through writings of his followers such as Plato

• British philosopher of language and metaphysician
• some meaningful sentences have no true value

• American logician and mathematician
• concept of truth for formal logical languages

• 5-6 BCE pre-Socratic philosopher
• father of Westhern philosophy
• first principle of nature is water
• everything in the universe is made of H2O

theological and philosophical system of St. Thomas Aquinas and his followers

group of logical positivists which centered around the Univ. of Vienna in 1920-30, included Schlick, Carnap and Neurath

• Viennese-born philosopher
• influential on philo of language, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
• The world is everything that is the case

• 4th century BCE pre-Socratic philosopher
• paradoxes intended to show plurality/motion do not really exist