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The heart is
a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body
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How many chambers are there?
4
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What are the chambers called
Atria and Ventricles
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The atria is
the receiving chamber
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the ventricle is
the discharging chamber
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what are the three layers of the heart?
pericardium, myocardium and endocardium
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describe the three layers of the heart
pericardium - fluid sac that encloses the <3 ; Myocardium - pumps blood ; Endocardium - smooth inner layer
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what are the two main valves; what are they there for
tricuspid / bicuspid - prevent backflow of the blood
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what side of the <3 receives deoxygenated blood?
right - pulmonary circuit
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what side of the <3 receives oxygen rich blood?
left side - systemic circuit
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what are the three blood vessels?
arteries , veins and capillaries
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arteries take the blood from
<3 to body
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veins take blood from
body to <3
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capillaries...
transfer blood b/w veins and arteries
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pathway of the blood..
superior/inferior vena cava - right atrium - tricuspid valve - right ventricle - pulmonary artery - lungs - pulmonary vein - left atrium - bicuspid valve - left ventricle - aorta - body
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What is blood?
A complex, living tissue that contains many cell types and proteins
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What are the two functions of blood?
- 1) pick up and deliver nutrients
- 2)take away waste
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What are the four delivery jobs?
- 1) delivers nutrients from fats, proteins and carbohydrates to all body cells
- 2) delivers oxygen to all body cells
- 3) delivers chemical messengers to some body cells
- 4) delivers water, minerals and vitamins to all body cells
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What are the three pick up jobs?
- 1) pick up carbon dioxide waste from all cells and carry to lungs
- 2) pick up chemical waste from cells and carry to the kidneys
- 3) pick up body heat and carry to the skin (red flush from excercise)
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what are examples of animals with NO blood
sponges, jellyfish and flatworms
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What are the two important components of blood?
- 1) Plasma - nonliving yellow liquid (92%water, 8% proteins,nutrients and salt)
- 2) Bone Marrow - the soft center of the bone (makes red and white blood cells)
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Red blood cells ...
- - carry oxygen
- - 5 million in one drop of blood
- - live 120 days
- - no nucleus
- - make up the majority of your blood
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Hemoglobin is..
a protein in red blood cells that joins with oxygen and gives the red cells their color ; contains IRON
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Anemia is..
a condition in which there are too few red blood cells in the blood (person feels week, tried and short of breath)
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White blood cells ...
- - destroy harmful microbes
- - remove dead cells
- - make proteins that help prevent disease
- - have nucleus
- - bigger than red blood cells
- - 8000 in one drop of blood
- - live ten days
- - made in the spleen, thymus and tonsils
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Leukemia is..
a blood cancer in which the number of white blood cells increases at an abnormal rate
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Platelets ...
- - aid in forming blood clots
- - not complete cells
- - smaller than red blood cells
- - 250,000 in a drop of blood
- - live 5 days
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Hemophilia is..
a Genetic disease in which a persons blood wont clot
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What are the four main types of blood types
A , AB , B, O
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What is the difference in the type of blood?
Difference is due to proteins found in red blood cells and in blood plasma
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Type A and B blood cells are ..
different ; type A has antigens A and anti - B antibodies. type B has antigens B and anti - A antibodies
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Type AB red blood cells ..
are the same as both A and B , has no plasma proteins ; has antigens A and B and neither antibodies
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Type O ...
has plasma protein like A & B ; has neither A or B antigens but has both antibodies
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