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Aqueduct
artificial channel for conducting water in Roman times usually built over ground and supported on arches
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Atrium
open entrance or central hall of an ancient Roman house
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Basilica
barn like building form (central long space flanked by side aisles)
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Bungalow
Indian(Bengali) word for single storied house with veranda
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Cameo
carving in relief upon a gem, stone, or shell
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Cenotaph
- abstract monuement to a person buried elsewhere
- such as Washington Monument
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Chiaroscuro
painting term, the opposition of light and dark
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Cinquefoil
Gothic tracery pattern, reminiscent of a five leaf clover
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Cromlech
- circle of standing unhewn stones
- such as Stonehenge
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Crosshatching
crossing sets of parallel lines to produce the effect of shading
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Facade
front or principal face of a building
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Foreshortening
object seems to recede in space and conveys the illusion of 3D
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Fresco
wet plaster painting in watercolors. Painting becomes part of the wall since plaster absorbs colors.
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Fresco secco
painting on dry plaster, less durable as the paint tends to flake off over time
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Genre painting
scenes from everyday life for their own sake, usually with no religious or symbolic significance
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Hatching
drawing/engraving, use of parallel lines to produce the effect of shading
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Hieroglyphs
characters in the picture-writing system of ancient Egyptians
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Hypostyle
- style of ancient Egyptian temple architecture, hall of many columns
- such as Parthenon in Athens
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Illumniation
decorating manuscripts, scrolls, with illustrations or designs in gold, silver, or bright colors
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Lithograph
print made by drawing with a crayon on porous stone or metal plate, applying greasy printing ink which adheres only to the lines of the drawing, and pressing the plate on a moistened piece of paper
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Megalithic architecture
monuments made partially or wholly of giant stones
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Mosaic
surface decoration in which bits of colored stone or glass are laid in cement in a design or decorative pattern
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Obelisk
a tapering four-sided shaft of stone with a pyramidal apex used as a freestanding monument in ancient Egypt or as an architectural decoration
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Perspective
representation of 3D objects on a flat surface so as to produce the same impression of distance and relative size as that received by the human
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sculpture that is not freestanding but projects from the background of which it is a part, can be high relief and low relief depending on the amount of projection; incised relief is when the background is not cut out, as in some Egyptian architecture
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Stippling
method or rep light and shade by use of dots in painting, drawing, and engraving.
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Tempera
Italian panel painting before 16th century, ground colors mixed with yolk of egg instead of oil.
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Triptych
Altarpiece or devotional pic consisting of 3 panels joined (hinged) with center panel covered when side panels closed
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Woodcut
Print made by cutting a design in relief on a block of wood and printing only the raised surfacees
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Ziggurat
tiered, truncated pyramid of mud brick
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