Human geo 3

Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmers family

Advances in technology and economic development allows MDC’s to produce surplus

Rapid diffusion of new agriculture technology, especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers

Large-scale farming operations, Growth of specialized ancillary industries, requires large input of energy, water, chemicals. Today only 2% of US employed in agricultural sector

One crop cultivate repeatedly over a large area

*Bread grains, grapes, olives, apples
*10,000 BP
*Diffused to central Africa (coffee)

*Rice, citrus taro, bananas, sugarcane (tea-3000 bp)
* Stimulus diffusion produced a secondary center in NE China

*Started about 5,000 BP
*Maize, tomatoes, chili peppers and squash
*Stimulus diffusion produced a secondary center in NW South America (potato)

Practiced in Humid Low-Latitude regions with high temperature and abundant rainfall. Each year villages select a small tract of land surrounding settlement. Burn the dense tropical vegetation to clear the land (Slash and burn)

Based on herding on domesticated animals. Adapted to dry climates where plating crops is impossible. Occurs in semiarid lands in North Africa, Middle East parts of Central Asia

Occurs densely populated East, South and SE Asia. Refers to practice of planting rice on dry land in a nursery and then moving the seedlings to a flooded field

Occurs in a large populations area of East and South Asia where growing rice is difficult

Large farm that specialized in one or two crops( Cotton Sugarcane Coffee, Rubber, Tea) Form of commercial agriculture found in the Tropics and subtopics- Latin America, Africa and Asia

Integrates crops and livestock- primarily US Midwest and Central Europe
Corn in most commonly grown crop, followed by soybeans
Most of the crops are fed to animals rather than consumed directly by humans

Most important agriculture practiced near large urban areas in MDC’s
Dairy farms must be closer to their markets because milk is highly perishable

Located in areas too dry for mixed crop and livestock farming
Crops on a grain farm are grown primarily for consumption by humans rather than by livestock
Most important crop-what for flour
US is largest producer of grain, primarily in the Plains states including Oklahoma

Commercial gazing of livestock over an extensive area
Practiced on semiarid or arid lands where vegetation is too sparse and soil to poor to support crops

Occurs in the Mediterranean climate- lands that border the Mediterranean Sea; California, Chile, South Africa, Eastern Australia
Olives, grapes(wine), citrus, tomatoes are important crops

Predominant type of agriculture in the US Southeast
Long growing season and humid climates
Grows many fruits, veggies, apples, cherries, lettuce, tomatoes

Define Desertification. Describe the major causes, its current global extent and the implications of the agricultural environmental impact. Discuss 5 major ways in which desertification can be prevented?