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Condition in which the Earth's surface is worn by the action of water and wind
Erosion
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Breaks in the Earth's crust where the blocks of rock on each side are moving in different directions. Earthquakes are much more common along these lines than they are anywhere else on the planet
Fault
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Relating to the internal heat of the Earth. The water of hot springs and geysers is heated by this source
Geothermal
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One half of the Earth
Hemisphere
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The watery part of the Earth's surface, including oceans, lakes and water vapor in the atmosphere
Hydrosphere
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Rock formed by the solidification of molten magma
Igneous rock
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The rigid outer layer of the Earth, having an average thickness of about 75km and comprising the Earth's crust and the solid part of the mantle above the asthenosphere
Lithosphere
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Rock altered by pressure and heat
Metamorphic rock
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A long mountain range on the ocean floor, extending almost continuously through the North and South Atlantic Oceans, the Indian Ocean, and the South Pacific Ocean
Mid-ocean ridge
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A ridge of land that separates two adjacent river systems
Watershed
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A series of waves created when a body of water, such as an ocean, is rapidly displaced
Tsunami
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The most rapid (up to 80 km/h/ 50mph) and fluid type of downhill mass wasting
Mudslide
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An opening, or rupture, in a planet's surface or crust, which allows hot, molten rock, ash, and gases to escape from below the surface. Usually found where tectonic plates are pulled apart or come together
Volcano
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A violently rotating column of air which is in contact with both the surface of the Earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud
Tornado
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A geological phenomenon which includes a wide range of ground movement, such as rock falls, deep failure of slopes and shallow debris flows, which can occur in offshorem coastal and onshore environments
Landslide
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