COMM 135 FINAL NOTECARDS

Why are note cards better
than a full sheet of paper for extemporaneous speaking?

An effective speaker should look at the
audience no less than_____ of the time.

Orienting Material is most appropriate
in the ________________ of a speech.

1)
Background information given by a
speaker such as definitions and explanations to help the audience fully
understand and appreciate the rest of the speech is a(n):

1)
A speaker who says, “Now that I have
explained the concept of hedonism, I’m going to explore the condition known as
anhedonia,” is using which one of the following transitional devices?

1)
If there is a contradiction between the
verbal and nonverbal components of a speaker’s message, which component is a
listener likely to accept as the true message?

1)
“Conversational quality” in speech
delivery means that:

1)
Which one of the following statements
is acceptable to make during the introduction of a speech?

1)
An informative speech about the causes
and effects of the depletion of the ozone layer would most likely be organized
in ________________ strategic order.

1)
Which organizational pattern would
probably be most effective for arranging the main points of a speech with the
specific purpose “To inform my audience about the major geographical regions of
France?”

1)
Here are the main steps for a
successful job interview explained in an informative speech:

I)
The first step is preparing for the
interview before it takes place

II)
The second step is presenting yourself
well during the interview itself

III) The third step is following up after the interview

These
main steps are arranged in ________________ order

1)
“DVD, which stands for Digital Video
Disc or digital versatile disc, is a small disc that can be used to store hours
of studio-quality video and multi-channel surround-sound audio, CD-quality
audio, highly interactive multimedia computer programs or anything else that
can be represented as digital data.”

1)
“The DVD showed every detail of the
autumn glory: the sunlit red leaves of the sourwood trees, the orange glory of
the sugar maples, and the brilliant-blue October sky without a cloud in sight.”

1)
“Using their DVD player, James Bond
fans can enjoy their favorite movie: starring Sean Connery, George Lazenby, Roger
Moore, Timothy Dalton, Pierce Brosnan or Daniel Craig. They can watch the movie in a variety
of languages, with the soundtrack in English, French or Spanish. If they are multilingual, they can
watch their favorite Bond speaking in French while reading the subtitles in
Spanish.”

1)
“Unlike VHS cassettes, DVD’s won’t wear
out, and they offer fast access to any scene--there’s no need to wind through
yards and yards of tape. Unlike
VHS cassettes, most DVD’s are divided into chapters, making it easy to jump
from one scene to another.”

1)
“DVD’s and VHS cassettes both offer
full-length movies.”

1)
“Over 19 million DVD players have been
sold in the U.S. since the format’s launch in March 1997.”

1)
“I have always been an avid fan of
movies and technology. So when I
first heard about the new CD sized format that would be better quality than
laser disc movies, I couldn’t wait to buy one of the new machines. I was one of the first to buy a DVD
player when they first became available in the USA in the fall of 1997. The player cost more than $1000 and
there were few movies available to purchase at the time, but I was happy to be
the first on my block, perhaps even the first in my town, to own one. Now almost 5 years later I own almost 1000
DVD’s.”

1)
States Jim Taylor of the DVD Review web
site ‘DVD has become the most successful consumer electronics entertainment
product ever.’”

1)
“Some DVD discs contain hidden extra
features which are not advertised on the packaging, like Easter eggs they are
deliberately difficult to find and for many have become a sport to locate.”

1)
“The
working poor are those who work full time but still live below the poverty
line.”

1)
“Among the working poor are
schoolteachers, chefs, computer-maintenance workers, and airline flight
attendants.”

1)
“Near Disney World in Florida is the
community of Kissimmee. Behind the souvenir shops and motels live America’s
working poor. The lawns are mowed, and the kids can play safely in the street.
The neighborhood looks like a solid, secure all-American neighborhood, but if
you look closely at the employed adults, you will see weariness in their eyes,
for most of them work at 2 or 3 jobs and even then, they are barely able to pay
the bills.”

1)
“Linda Hargroves came home at 10:30 one
night last week after finishing the second of her two jobs. Her 14-year-old son
greeted her with news that he had been selected to compete in a statewide
gymnastics event and needed $75 to pay for the trip. Hargroves had to tell him
that he couldn’t go—she had no dollars to spare.”

1)
“If you are a college graduate, your
chances of living in poverty are less than 2%, but if you are a high-school
dropout, the chances are 20%.”

1)
“The working poor are like trapeze
artists struggling to maintain their balance on a high wire.”

1)
“Today, I’m going to tell you about the
impact of three of the most important inventions of the past millennium: how
the compass, the printing press and the light bulb greatly extended the range
of human exploration and knowledge.” This excerpt is a(n):

1)
“For my birthday this year, my fiancé
took me to an elegant restaurant for a romantic candlelit dinner. After dessert, the waiter asked if we
wanted coffee or a liqueur or a premium cigar (with the price of the cigar
ranging from $50 to $100). This is
just one example of how cigars have recently changed from smelly, disgusting
nuisances into sophisticated treats.
Since this experience I have become very interested in this trend. It has a special meaning for me as a
former smoker and as public relations major.” This excerpt consists of:

1)
“Today cigar sales are booming, with
more than five billion cigars consumed in this country each year. The Center for Disease Control and
Prevention found that 25 percent of college students smoke cigars, either
occasionally or regularly.” This
excerpt uses:

1)
What strategic order for the body of a persuasive speech is outlined in the
following example?

I)
Most of us feel safe when we go to the
mall to shop, but we shouldn’t feel so secure. Last June, a 41-year-old woman was shopping at the Westfarms
Mall in Farmington, Connecticut. A
few weeks ago two female shoppers at an upscale mall in Kansas City were
abducted, robbed, and thrown into a vacant lot by carjackers.

II)
In recent years, more and more
criminals—armed robbers, carjackers, purse snatchers, and pickpockets—go to
shopping malls to find victims. On
the Internet, I found dozens of stories like these in newspapers all across the
United States. Researchers at the
University of Florida estimate that violent crimes such as armed robbery and
carjackings have increased seven-fold at shopping malls in the last 10
years. I can’t give you any
precise statistics, because there are none: As private businesses, malls do not
have to disclose the crimes committed on their property. Malls don’t want to publicize crime
because it would frighten away shoppers, but you need to be aware of the
dangers you face.

III) Although crimes at malls are on the upswing, I will show you
that there are specific steps you may take to protect yourself. Stay alert: Avoid distractions, pay
attention to people who walk in front of you and behind you. Avoid being an easy target: Always lock
your car, park you car in well-lit areas, if you think you are being followed
in a shopping center, find a guard or manager and express your concern, if a
robber approaches you, remain calm and give up the items the robber wants, be
careful with packages, be careful with purses and wallets, beware of remote
restrooms. Investigate malls and
choose those with a high level of security.

IV) This is the kind of shopper you will be if you are a” Safe
Shopper:” you will be aware of your surroundings, you will be careful with your
valuables, you will be wary of remote areas and you will be sure to only
patronize shopping centers that have high levels of security. If all shoppers were to follow these
steps, mall crimes would drop dramatically.

V)
Before you leave today I want you to
take this brief, one-page self-evaluation test that I have prepared. If you are not taking all of these
precautions I want you to make sure you start to do so the next time you go to
the mall.

66) “If school uniforms have proven successful at more than a
dozen elementary schools in Caddo Parish, including North Highlands, University
and Atkins, they can be successfully implemented at all Caddo Parish elementary
schools.” This statement is an example of which type of argument?

66) Due to an increase in the false sense of security that HIV
infection is easily treatable and a decrease in funding for AIDS education in
Louisiana, the rate of HIV infections in Louisiana will increase this year as
it has in similar periods in the past.

66) President Bush will be re-elected in 2004 because his
popularity is increasing after a temporary decrease and because John Kerry is
not trusted by enough voters to be an effective leader.

66) The movie Adaptation,
which featured academy award nominated performances by Nicholas Cage, Meryl
Streep and Chris Cooper and an academy award nominated screenplay by Donald and
Charlie Kaufman, should have received a nomination for Best Picture, since the
best movies always feature great acting and writing.

66) Binge Drinking on college campuses is a growing problem
nationwide, according to a 1999 study by conducted by the Harvard School of
Public Health, the number of “frequent binge drinkers” (students who binge
drink three or more times in a two-week period) rose by almost 3 percent since
1993 (from 19.8 percent to 22.7 percent)

66) Emotional appeals in persuasive speaking should always be
combined with:

66) If you encourage your audience to support public school
uniforms because you believe they will reduce the possibility that their
children might be harmed for inadvertently wearing gang colors, you are
appealing to their need for:

66) If you encourage listeners to support public school uniforms
because you believe they will increase school pride, you are appealing to the
audience need for:

66) If you encourage listeners to support public school uniforms
because you believe they will encourage more creative ways for children to
express themselves, you are appealing to the audience need for:

66) If you encourage listeners to support public school uniforms
because you believe they will save parents money, you are appealing to which
audience motivation?

66) “Public school students must be allowed to choose their own
clothes every day or they will lose the ability to make creative decisions.” This speaker is guilty of using which
kind of fallacy in reasoning?

66) “Young people should avoid listening to rock music
altogether if they don’t want to become hedonists.” This speaker is guilty of using which kind of fallacy in
reasoning?

“Listening to rock music
rots your brain cells. After years
of listening to rock, tomorrow’s work force will have significantly lower IQ’s.” This speaker is guilty of using what
kind of fallacy in reasoning?

66) “Those who believe that rock music is harmful to young
people won’t be happy until rock guitarists smash every single guitar in
existence.” This speaker is guilty
of using which kind of fallacy in reasoning?

66) “Ms. Garland listens to Gospel music exclusively which is
why her grade point average is 3.6, while her roommate, who listens to
alternative rock exclusively, only has a 1.7 grade point average.” This is which kind of fallacy?

66) “Trying to get young people to listen to less rock music is
silly when students are much more likely to be stifled by being forced to wear
school uniforms.” This speaker is
guilty of using which kind of fallacy in reasoning?

66) “Listening to Heavy Metal is no different that selling your
soul.” This is which kind of
fallacy?

66) “Since Jazz was first played in the disreputable Red Light
districts of New Orleans, we have to wonder about the personal integrity of Ms.
Frederick, who loves to listen to Jazz.”
This is which kind of fallacy?

66) “Like Ozzy Osbourne, I believe that heavy drinking is no
impediment to success as long as it is accompanied by lots of heavy metal.” This speaker is guilty of using which
fallacy in reasoning?

66) “Advocates of legal abortion believe that all people who
present potential burdens to others; the elderly, the poor, the physically and
mentally challenged; are expendable.”
This speaker is guilty of using what kind of fallacy in reasoning?

66) “We have two choices: the first is to adopt a vegetarian
diet; the second is to suffer from serious health consequences such as cancer,
obesity or heart disease.” This
speaker is guilty of using what kind of fallacy in reasoning?

66) “My uncle smoked two packs of cigarettes every day of his
adult life and he lived to be 95.
This shows that smoking is actually good for you.” This speaker is guilty of using what
kind of fallacy in reasoning?

66) “Mr. Frederickson is a recovering alcoholic, how can we
trust his opinions on drunk driving?”
Which fallacy is this?

66) “The pitiless and avaricious behavior of Enron’s leaders is
typical of most corporate executives.”
Which fallacy is this?

66) “Each year more people are killed by automobile accidents
than handgun accidents. That means
we should ban cars before we ban handguns.” This speaker is guilty of using what kind of fallacy in
reasoning

66) “Believing in the theory of evolution is like worshipping
Darwin instead of worshipping God.” Which fallacy is this?

66) “The competition created by providing vouchers to all Caddo
Parish families will force all of our public schools to improve.” This speaker is guilty of using what
kind of fallacy in reasoning?

“If the Dixie Chicks are
willing to risk all that they have achieved over the past year by speaking out
against the War on Iraq, we should all do the same thing.” This speaker is
guilty of using what kind of fallacy in reasoning?

66) What is the term for a deductive scheme consisting of a
major premise, a minor premise and a conclusion?

“Gay Marriages are clearly
a bad idea – over 70% of Americans polled recently are opposed to them.” This speaker is guilty of using which
kind of fallacy in reasoning?

66) “Every great civilization in history has prohibited Gay
Marriages.” This speaker is guilty of using which kind of fallacy in reasoning?

66) “Decriminalizing marijuana is a regrettable idea; if smoking
marijuana wasn’t much worse than smoking tobacco, then it wouldn’t be illegal!”
.This speaker is guilty of using which kind of fallacy in reasoning?

66) The morning of his classroom speech, Jonathan felt he needed
more visual interest in the speech.
On his way to class, he bought poster board and a marker and wrote down
his main points for the audience to see.
What this an appropriate method for a responsible student to use in
creating a visual aid?

66) Audience analysis means:

66) Which of the following is not a common public speaking
mistake?

66) Which of the following methods of presenting a speech
is best for most public speaking situations?

Which of the following is
the most important form of nonverbal communication for American audiences?