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What is blood?
blood is a type of connective tissue that is made up of multiple parts, including red and white blood cells, cell fragments called platelets and plasma.
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What is hematocrit?
the percentage of red blood cells in a sample of blood
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what are erythrocytes
red blood cells (RBCs)
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What is oxyhemoglobin?
hemoglobin that carries oxygen and is bright red in color
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what is anemia
A decreased ability to carry oxygen
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The function of an RBC is to transport oxygen throughout the body, a low count reflects a decreased abiliy to carry oxygen, this is a condition called
anemia
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What happens when the RBC's age?
Macrophages in the liver and spleen destroy them
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When a RBC is destroyed
a pigment called biliverdin is released from the cell.
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Bilirubin is?
A orange colored pigment made by the liver
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Bilirubin is made to?
make bile, which is needed for the digestion of fats.
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What is Jaundice?
When bilirubin does not make bile, instead it builds up in the bloodstream. The person's skin turns yellowish
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What is the average life span of a RBC?
120 days
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What is erythropoitin?
A hormone responsible for regulating the production of RBC's.
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Leukocytes are
WBCs, white blood cells
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Granulocytes are
White blood cells that have granules in their cytoplasm and include neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils.
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Argranulocytes are
WBC's that do not have granules in their cytoplasm and include monocytes and lymphocytes
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They account for about 55% of all WBCs.....
Neutrophils
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They account for about 3% of all WBC's and are effective in getting rid of viruses and parasitic infections such as worms
Eosinophils
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They account for 8% of all WBC's. They are important for destroying bacteria, viruses, and toxins in the blood
Monocytes
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They account for about 33% of all WBC's and provide immunity for the body
Lymphocytes
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Platelets are?
fragments of cells that are found in the bloodstream
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Thrombocytes are/
platelets and are important in the clotting process
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Liquid portion of blood. it is mostly water but also contains a mixture of proteins, nutrients, gases, electrolytes, and wasted products.
Plasma
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What is a normal Platelet count?
between 130,000 and 360,000 platelets per cubic millimeter of blood
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What are the three major types of proteins found in plasma
Albumins, globulins, fibinogen
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what is important in the blood clotting process?
fibrinogen
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What is serum?
The fluid that is left when all clotting factors are removed from plasma.
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What is blood coagulation?
formation of a blood clot
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Steps in platelet plug formation..
1. Break in vessel wall. 2. Blood escaping through break. 3. Platelets adhere to each other to end of broken vessel, and to exposed collagen. 4. Platelet plug helps control blood loss.
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When a blood clots for on the side of the blood vessel with no known injury is called
Thrombus
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The moving portion of the Thrombus is
embolus
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the clumping of RBC's following a blood transfusion is
Agglutination
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they have antigen A on the surfaces of their RBC's. They also have abtibody B in their plasma. Antibody B will only bind to antigen B
Type A blood
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The have antigen B on the surface of their RBC's. They also have antibody A on their plasma. They cannot recieve type A blood .
type B blood
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They have both antigen A and Antigen B on the surface of their RBC's. they have neither antibody A nor antibody B in their plasma. They are universal recipients because most of them can receive all ABO blood types
Type AB blood
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They have neither antigen A nor B on the surface of RBC's. however they do have both antibody A and B in their plasma. They are universal doners.
Type O blood
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A protein first discovered on RBC's of the Rhesus monkey are
Rh antigen
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people who have RBC's that contain the Rh antigen are
Rh Positive
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people who have RBC's that do not contain The Rh antigen are
rh negative
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What is anemia?
A person does not have enough RBC's or hemoglobin in the blood to carry an adequate amount of oxygen to the bodys cells.
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What are the causes of Anemia?
Iron deficiency, chronic blood loss, Vitamin deficiency, Inability to absorb vitamin b12, side effect of medication, chronic illness, bone marrow disorder, destruction of RBC's
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What is Aneurysm?
a ballooned, weakened arterial wall.
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What are the causes of Aneurysm?
Atherosclerosis.
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a condition in which abnormal hemoglobin causes RBC's to change to sickle (crescent) shape.they get stuck in capillaries.
Sickle cell anemia
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what causes sickle cell anemia?
hereditary
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a inherited form of anemia with a defective hemoglobin chain causing microcytic (small), hypochromic pale, and short lived RBC's is
Thalassemia
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What causes Thalassemia??
Heriditary
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