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Hydrocephalus
- Increase accumulation of CSF within the ventricles. An imbalance of producation/resorption)
- non communicating (obstructive): blocked
- Communicating too much produced Shunt needed
- Etiology: developmental abnormalies, infection, injury, tumor
- S&S: bulging fotanelle (children), delated scalp veins, Sunset eyes ( too much white in thier eyes)
- RX: surgery to move obstrucion, shunt
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Types of Spina Bifida
- Spina Bifida Occulta: no hernail protrucsion
- Meningocele: meninges herniate with SCF form a sac. Nor Nerve damage
- Myelomeningocele: herniation inclued spinal cord and nerves. Motor & sensory impairment below lesion. Often associated with hydroceophalus
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Spina Difida S&S and Rx
- S&S: depend on level of lesion, weakness, paralysis, sensory loss, impaiemnt bowel and bladder funcion, cognitive - low end of normal
- Rx: surically close wound. shunt if needed, monitor, refer to appropriate therapy
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Implication for Therapy for Spina Bifida
- muscle imbalance: need for bracing
- Gross motor delay
- cognitive issues
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Cerebal Palsy
- a group of disorders marked by some degree of motor impairment resulting from brain damage in perinatel period
- Etiolgoy: hypoxia or ischemis
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CP S&S
early: primitive reflexes persist, failure to develp righting, protective reactions, feeding problems
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Assosciated problems with CP
- cognitvie deficits
- seizures
- orthopedic problems
- gastrointestinal problems
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Types of CP
- Spastic - most common
- Dyskinetic
- Ataxic
- Mixed
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CP Medical Rx
- meds to control seizures
- address orthpedic concerns
- feeding and digestion
- respiration
- individual needs
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CP implications for Therapy
- ongoing and long term
- higher needs when grwoth spurt occurs
- medical intervention can cuase set backs
- decision to pursue ambulation vs wc
- adaptive devices for feeding, toileting, bathing, and classroom
- need to educate and support parents and teachers
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Seizure Disorders
- Classifications: Partial (focal), Generalized ( both hemipheres affected with loss of consciousness) Unclassified
- Idiopathic but linked to other disorders such as Cp or traumatic brian injury renal fialure withdrawal from drugs such as cocaine
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Petit Mal Seizure
- Brief loss of awareness
- no memory of event
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Grand Mal
- Pattern taht is usually followed
- Subsides spontaneously
- When Pt regains consciousness is confused and very tired. Deep sleep
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Simple partioal or Foca Seizures
relates to single ares of damage in cortex. may involve repeated motor activity or sensation
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Complex partioal temporal lobe or psychomotor seizures
- start in temportal but may spread to frontal lobe and limic system
- waiving clapping of hands visual hallucination not aware of environment during seizure, amnesia afterward
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