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CH 19 & 40

  1. Goals of biotechnology
    • Increaase crop yeild/profit
    • stress resistance
    • reduce environmentsl impact
    • nutritional enhancement
    • new properties
    • Bioremediation
  2. Agrobacterium (tree growths)
    mediated transformations
  3. GM crops and the environment
    • evolution of reistant pests and weeds
    • risk to nontarget organisms
  4. Bioremediation
    remove toxins from soil
  5. Edible vaccine
    medicine in foods
  6. angiosperms
    plants that flower or fruit
  7. gymnosperms
    • naked seeds
    • have not flower or fruit
  8. Image Upload 1
    • Haploid cells=spores
    • Diploid Plant= Sporocyte
    • Haploid plant= Gametophyte
  9. Seedless plants (Characteristics)
    Image Upload 2
    • Early plants disperse using spores
    • Haploid gametophyte is photosynthetic
  10. Angiosperm (characteristics)
    Image Upload 3
    • recent plants disperse using seeds
    • Diploid spporocyte is photsynthetic
  11. Advantage of asexual production
    • efficient
    • increase individual genetic output
  12. Advantage of sexual reproduction
    Meiosis+outcrossing
  13. Pettles (structure)
    • modified leaf
    • WHOR
  14. What is a flower?
    specialized shoot with 4 layers of modified leaves
  15. Structures of flower (outside to inside)
    • Sepal
    • Pettle
    • Stamen (anther, filament)
    • Carpels (stigma, style, overy)
  16. Image Upload 4
  17. Image Upload 5
    • Step 2: female spore (mega)
    • Step 4: Egg
  18. Image Upload 6
    • Step 2: Micro spores (micro)
    • Step 3: Makes sperm
    • 2&3: Haploid cell
  19. Pollen on land (advantages)
    • protect sperm
    • no water requires
    • colonize new dry places
  20. Angiosperms primarily use_____ (pollination type)
    • wind
    • can be inneficient
  21. Mutualism and angiosperms (advantage)
    • mutually benneficial
    • animals eat pollen and nectar
    • planats get precise pollination
  22. Sexual deception (orchids)
    • mimic insects
    • *apperance
    • *pheremones
  23. Flower attributes (goal)
    target specific pollinators
  24. Pollination (deffinition)
    delivery of pollen from another stigma
  25. Fertilization: deffinition
    joining of spern and egg to form Diploid zygote
  26. multiple pollen tubes can fetilize _____ ovules in a single ovary
    multiple
  27. Double fertilization
    • 1 sperm fetalizes egg= zygote
    • 1 sper fetlizes 2 polar nuclei= 3n endosperm
  28. Seed: Ultimate survival structure for land. Why?
    • food supply (endosperm)
    • thick outer coat
    • have dispersal mechanisms
  29. Spore Vs Seed (same)
    • Durability
    • dispersal
    • reproductive structure
  30. Spore Vs Seed (different)
    • spore is unicellular and Haploid
    • Seed is multicellular and multigenerational
  31. Edicot seed (structure)
    • has 2 cotyledons
    • cotyledons store carbs
  32. Monocot seed (structure)
    • 1 cotyledon
    • Endosperm stors carbs
  33. fruit (deffinitions
    ripened ovary
  34. Why do seed use dispersal methods
    • escape deteriorating environment
    • aviod competition
    • avoid inbreeding
  35. Radicle (ambryotic root)
    first to emerge from seed
  36. coleoptile
    hook to protect emerging shoot
  37. _____ or _____ feed heterotrophic seedling
    • cotyledons
    • endosperm
  38. time of germination depends on_____
    Image Upload 7
    water uptake
Author
anime1003
ID
84413
Card Set
CH 19 & 40
Description
biology
Updated

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