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Explain the basic differences between psychotherapy
and the biomedical therapies
Biomedical therapies: uses medicine for the brain chemistry.
Psychotherapy: uses techniques to treat emotional, behavioral and interpersonal problems.
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Discuss the basic assumptions and techniques of traditional psychoanalysis.
- Free association- sit there and just talk about anything. (resistance) silent, a sudden change of topic. become very close to revealing something.
- Dream inerpretation-
- Transference- can happen in any psychotherapy, letting emotions out on the therapist.
Gain insight on the unconcious.
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Explain how short-term dynamic therapies differ from
traditional psychoanalysis, and describe the assumptions and basic approach of interpersonal therapy.
- Typically time limited
- has specific goals
- involves an active role for therapist.
- Inetpersonal therapy:
- unresolved grief- lost
- role disputes-everday arguements
- role transitions- college students
- interpersonal deficits- lack of skills talking others
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Discuss the basic assumptions and goals of behavior therapy, techniques that are based on classical conditioning principles, including systematic
desensitization, the bell and pad treatment, and aversive conditioning.
- focuses on directly changing maladaptive behavior patterns by using basic learning principles and techniques.
- classical conditioning and operant conitioning.
- Goal: eliminate maladaptive behaviors and learn more effective behavior patterns.
- tech. based on classical conditioning
- - counterconditioning: baby peter is just like albert. snacks everyday, brought rabbit closer each day. happy vs fear.
- -bell and pad treatment: bladder problem. wet pad= bell goes off.
- -aversive conditioning: antabuse, need for alcoholic. bitting nails.
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Explain the ABC model in Albert Ellis’s rational-emotive therapy (RET), identify common irrational beliefs, and describe the techniques used to produce therapeutic change
- A- activating event
- B-beliefs (only thing you can change)
- C- consequences
- irrational belifs:
- need to be love
- must achieve everything possible to feel good
- bad people should be punished, you should be upset.
- its bad when things dont go your way.
- human unhappiness is externally cause and can't do anything about it.
- easier to avoid than face diffculties.
- need to rely on a stronger person.
- past is important, it should indef. have a similar effect.
- should be upset over other ppl's problem.
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Discuss the basic assumptions of Aaron Beck’s
cognitive therapy
disorted thinking and unrealistic belief.
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Summarize the research findings on the effectiveness of psychotherapy.
psychotherapy is significantly more effective than no treatment. they all get to the same goal, but one is way faster.
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Explain how antipsychotic medications work
- TYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC
- reduces levels of dopamine.
- good for patients with schizophrenia.
- doesn't cure it.
- doesn't emliminate negative symptoms.
- side effects.
- motor movement.
- ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS
- affects breain levels of dopamine and serotonin.
- no motor movement
- treats negative symptoms.
- no relapse.
- abilify (stable dopamine)
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Explain how antianxiety medications typically work and note their potential dangers
- benzodiazepines (Valium & Xanax)
- incease the level of GABA
- ( slows down brain activity)
- effective and rapid
- reduce reaction time.
- bad with alcohol.
- addictive.
- Non-benzodiazepines (Buspar)
- dopamine and serotonin levels.
- low addiction
- takes 2-3 weeks to start.
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Explain how anti-depressants work and list some of the
potential side effects associated with their use, also what neurotransmitters are affected
effects the serotonin and noraphrine.
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