muscle take home quiz/study guide

  1. what movement does contraction of the triceps brachii cause?
    extension of the elbow
  2. which of the following is true?
    fixators stabilize joints to allow other movements to take place
  3. which is a muscle of mastication?
    masseter
  4. what is the origin of the transversus abdominis muscle?
    linea alba
  5. what is the orientation of fibers of the internal abdominal oblique muscle?
    cranioventral
  6. abdominal muscles are involved in all of the following actions except
    back extension
  7. what muscle antagonizes the pectoral muscle?
    deltoid
  8. which of the following is a muscle of the antebrachium?
    extensor carpi radialis
  9. what muscle has the achilles tendon on its distal end?
    gastrocnemius
  10. which of the following contracts during inspiration?
    diaphragm
  11. what type of muscle is referred to as voluntary striated muscle?
    skeletal muscle
  12. what is the name of the basic contracting unit of skeletal muscle?
    sarcolemma
  13. which of the following is true?
    acetylcholine is realeased by synaptic vesicles into the synaptic space
  14. what structure connects muscles to bones?
    tendons
  15. which of the following is false?
    when an impulse reaches the sarcoplasmic reticulum, it causes the release of potassium ions into the sarcoplasm
  16. which phrase lasts longest in a twitch contraction?
    relaxation phase
  17. what compound provides energy to convert adenosine diphosphate back to adenosine triphosphate?
    creatine phosphate
  18. incomplete glucose breakdown that occurs during anaerobic metabolism can cause this by-product
    lactic acid
  19. what type of muscle is called involuntary striated muscle?
    cardiac
  20. what cells have multiple nuclei?
    skeletal
  21. what is the function of intercalated disks?
    • they transmit impulses from cell to cell
    • they securely fasten cells together
  22. in a healthy heart, where does the pace at which cardiac muscle cells contract originate?
    right atrium, specifically the sinoatrial node
  23. which of the following is true?
    sympathetic fiber stimulate the heart to beat harder and faster
  24. what structures are the attachment sites for actin and myosin in smooth muscle cells?
    dense bodies
  25. where would involuntary nonstriated muscle be found in an animal's body?
    the uterine wall
  26. which statement is false?
    contractions of multiunit smooth muscle are not automatic
  27. this muscle raises the head
    splenius
  28. this muscle helps to extend the hip joint and flex the stifle
    semimembranosus
  29. these cells do not have a striped appearance under the microscope
    smooth muscle
  30. during a fight or flight response, this part of the autonomic nervous system decreases activity in the digestive system
    sympathetic
  31. these are also called voluntary striated muscle
    skeletal muscle
  32. this connective tissue layer binds fascicles together within a muscle
    perimysium
  33. this muscle forms the floor of the muscular abdominal wall
    rectus abdominis
  34. in skeletal muscle this is the large white band made of actin
    I band
  35. this is the name of the dark line in the center of the large white band in skeletal muscle
    Z line
  36. this muscle closes the jaws
    masseter
  37. this type of muscle contains intercalated discs
    cardiac
  38. this is the cell membrane of a muscle fiber
    sarcolemma
  39. when an animal is sleeping, this part of the autonomic nervous system enhances activity in the digestive system
    parasympathetic
  40. this is an aponeurosis
    linea alba
  41. these muscles have no bony attachments
    cutaneous muscles
  42. these shorten during muscle contraction
    smooth muscle
  43. oxygen is stored in muscle fibers on this molecule
    myoglobin
  44. this muscle flexes the head and neck
    sternocephalicus muscle
  45. this is the outer covering of the entire muscles
    epimysium
  46. these muscle cells are not organized in regular, parallel sarcomeres
    sarcomere
  47. a broad flat tendon that attaches muscle to another muscle is called an aponeurosis (t/f)
    true
  48. adduction means moving the limb away from the median plane (t/f)
    false
  49. extension involves a decrease in the angle between two bones (t/f)
    false
  50. magnesium is the key electrolyte required for both in muscle contraction and relaxation (t/f)
    false
  51. organophosphate poisoning causes muscle spasms because it enhances the action of acetylcholinesterase. the antidote is calcium (t/f)
    false
  52. sodium is the key electrolyte involved in muscle contraction and relaxation (t/f)
    false
  53. the insertion of the muscle is
    attachment of th muscle to the bone at the most mobile end of the bone
  54. a flexor muscle does which of the following?
    decreases the angle of a joint
  55. an extensor muscle does which of the following?
    increases the angle of a joint
  56. an adductor muscle does which of the following?
    moves the muscle toward the midline of the body
  57. a rotator muscle does which of the following?
    moves a limb or structure about a point
  58. the midventral aponeuroses of the abdominal muscles is called the
    linea alba
  59. which type of muscle is involuntary, striated and has intercalated disks?
    cardiac
  60. which type of muscle is voluntary and multinucleated?
    skeletal
  61. which type of muscle is involuntary, non-striated and has a centralized single nucleus in spindle-shaped cells?
    smooth
  62. which type of muscle requires direct nerve stimulation?
    skeletal
  63. the muscle that separates the abdominal cavity from th thoracic cavity is the
    diaphragm
  64. the origin of the muscle is the
    attachement of the muscle to the bone at the least mobile end of the bone
  65. the two types of muscle that do not require direct nerve stimulation to function are
    cardiac and smooth
  66. the uterus is an example of
    smooth muscle
  67. when giving an injection into the semimembranosus and semitendinosus muscles we must be careful to avoid the
    sciatic nerve
  68. what occurs when skeletal muscles are not used or the nerve supply is lost?
    atrophy
  69. which vitamin deficiency may lead to white muscle disease?
    vitamin E
  70. which mineral deficiency may lead to white muscle disease?
    selenium
  71. which of the following is commonly associated with exertional rhabdomyolsis?
    • stiff gait
    • dark red colored urine
    • excessive exercise
  72. in which disease would you see myoglobinuria?
    exertional rhabdomyolysis
  73. which of the following is true about white muscle disease?
    it primarily affects calves and lambs
  74. a blood chemistry test used to assess muscle damage is
    CK
  75. a common site for IM injections in the rear limb of the horse is the
    semimembranosus
  76. which IM injection site should be used only as a last resort in the equine due to the increased risk of developing non-draining abscesses?
    pectoral
  77. a ligament attaches
    bone to bone
  78. rigor mortis is caused by
    lack of ATP to pump the calcium back into the tubules
  79. which muscle(s) is/are affected by the disease masicatory myositis?
    • temporal
    • masseter
  80. which type of tissue attaches muscle to bone?
    tendons
  81. of the following, which drug is most effective against severe musculoskeletal pain?
    fentanyl
  82. which drug is a mixed opioid agonist/antagonist?
    butorphanol
  83. of the following, which drug is a pure narcotic antagonist?
    naloxone
  84. which drug is commonly used as a muscle relaxant?
    methocarbamol
  85. what are common side effects of most NSAID's?
    bleeding & GI upset
  86. what are common side effects of most opioids?
    vomiting
  87. what are common side effects of most corticosteriods?
    PU/PD
  88. which of the following is an important use for corticosteriods?
    • treating inflammation
    • controlling pruritus
    • suppressing immune reactions
Author
MelainBee
ID
84340
Card Set
muscle take home quiz/study guide
Description
VT16 term 2 2nd part muscle
Updated