RRT 1

Describes treatment patient would want if he becomes terminally ill (less than 6 mos to live)

Legal document that names a health care proxy responsible for making health care decisions for the patient

40 ml/hr (1 liter/day)

• Weight Gain
• Electrolyte Imbalance
• Increased Hemodynamic Pressures
• Decreased Lung Compliance

Normal

• COPD O2 overdose
• Sleep apnea

Responds inappropriately (intoxication, drug overdose)

Responds only to painful stimuli

Does not respond...even to painful stimuli

Drowsy state...may have decreased cough or gag reflex

• Eating
• Dressing
• Walking
• Bathing
• Grooming
• Toilet Use

• Nursing home admission
• Need for home health care providers
• Living arrangements
• Use of hospital services
• Insurance Coverage
• Mortality

• Difficulty breathing except in the upright position
• (Heart problem, CHF)

A feeling of shortness of breath or difficulty in breathing

• I Normal dyspnea occurs after unusual exertion
• II Breathless after going up hills or stairs
• III Dyspnea while walking at normal speed
• IV Dyspnead slowly walking short distances
• V Dyspnea at rest, shaving, dressing, etc

Difficulty swallowing

During normal breathing inhalation is active and exhalation is passive. Forced exhalation requires work from the muscles of expiration

Pressure x Volume (measured with a manometer or spirometer)

A diagnostic exam used to evaluate the ability of heart and lungs to provide oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the bloodstream

• Presence of excessive fluid in the tissue know as "pitting edema"
• Occurs primarily in the arms and ankles
• Caused by CHF or renal failure

Chronic hypoxemia

A state of profuse, heavy sweating

• Normal: pink, tan, brown, black
• Abnormal: decrease in color due to anemia or acute blood loss
• Jaundice: increase in bilirubin in blood and tissue (face & trunk)
• Erythema: redness of the skin (capillary congestion, inflammation)
• Cyanosis: Blue/blue-gray discoloration of skin/mucous membranes

Anterior protrusion of the sternum..."pigeon chest"

Depression of the sternum (part or all)

Convex spinal curve (hunchback)

Lateral curvature of the spine

A combination of both and causes a severe restrictive impairment

A result of air trapping in the lungs for a long period of time (COPD)

Normal respiratory rate, depth and rhythm

• Increased respiratory rate (over 20/min)
• Causes: fever, hypoxia, pain, CNS problem

• Decreased respiratory rate (less than 8/min), variable depth and irregular rhythm
• Causes: sleep, drugs, alcohol, and metabolic disorders

Cessation of breathing

• Increased respiratory rate, increased depth and regular rhythm
• Causes: Metabolic disorder/CNS disorder

• Gradually increasing then decreasing rate and depth in a cycle lasting from 30-180 seconds, with periods of apnea lasting up to 60 seconds
• Causes: Increased ICP, meningitis, and drug overdose

• Increased respiratory rate and depth with irregular periods of apnea (each breath has the same depth)
• Causes: CNS problem

• Increased respiratory rate (usually over 20/min), increased depth, irregular rhythm, labored breathing sounds
• Causes: Metabolic acidosis, renal failure, diabetic ketoacidosis

• Prolonged gasping inspiration followed by extremely short insufficient expiration
• Causes: Respiratory center problem, trauma, or tumor

Both sides of the chest move at the same time

• Chronic lung disease
• Atelectasis
• Pneumothorax
• Flail Chest (paradoxical)
• Intubated patient with ET tube in one lung