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Which Human Resource Management processes are planning processes?
Just one: Develop Human Resource Plan
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Which Human Resource Management processes are executing processes?
- Acquire Project Team
- Develop Project Team
- Manage Project Team
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Which Human Resource Management processes are monitoring and controlling processes?
NONE
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What is the PRIMARY output from Develop Human Resource Plan?
Human Resource Plan
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What are the PRIMARY two outputs from Acquire Project Team?
- Staff Assignments
- Resource Calendars
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What is the PRIMARY output from Develop Project Team?
Team performance assessment
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What is the PRIMARY output from Manage Project Team?
Change requests
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When is Develop Human Resource Plan performed?
Very early in the project. It may be performed iteratively as scope is defined.
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What is the 1 key input to Develop Human Resource Plan?
Activity Resource Requirements
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What are the 2 key tools used in Develop Human Resource Plan?
- Organization Charts & Position Descriptions
- Matrix / Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM)
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What is the most popular type of Responsibility Assignment Matrix and what does it stand for?
RACI - Responsible, Accountable, Consult, Inform
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What is the sole output from Develop Human Resource Plan?
Human Resource Plan
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What elements make up the Human Resource Plan?
- Roles and Responsibilities
- Organization Charts
- Staffing Management Plan (resource histogram, staffing timeline, staffing release plan)
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What is the focus of Acquire Project Team?
Staffing the project, per the human resource plan
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When is Acquire Project Team performed?
It may be performed throughout the project as different resource needs become necessary
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What is the 1 key input to Acquire Project Team?
Project Management Plan (Human Resource Plan being the key component)
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What are the 4 tools used in Acquire Project Team?
- Pre-Assignment - penciling in names before plan is even baked
- Negotiation
- Acquisition - looking outside the org for resources
- Virtual Teams - i.e. distributed teams using communication tech
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What are the 2 key outputs from Acquire Project Team?
- Project Staff Assignments
- Resource Calendars
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From a PMP exam perspective, which is the most important Project Human Resource Management process?
Develop Project Team
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What is the focus of Develop Project Team?
Building a sense of team and improving the team's performance
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What are the 3 inputs to Develop Project Team?
- Project Staff Assignments
- Project Management Plan (Human Resource Plan being the key component)
- Resource Calendars
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What are the 6 tools used in Develop Project Team?
- Interpersonal Skills
- Training
- Team-Building Activities
- Ground Rules
- Co-Location
- Recognition and Rewards (Theories of Motivation)
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What is the 1 key output from Develop Project Team?
Team Performance Assessments
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Define the 6 theories of motivation required for the PMP exam
- Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
- McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y
- Contingency Theory
- Herberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory
- McClelland's Three Need Theory
- Forms of Power
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In general, what type of motivation does the PMP favor?
win-win scenarios
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In most PMP scenarios, who should pay for training?
The performing organization, not the customer
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What are the five hierarchal levels, bottom to top, in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
- Physiological
- Security
- Acceptance
- Esteem
- Self-Actualization
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In McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y, what do Theory X managers believe about team members?
They believe they're selfish, dislike work, and must be constantly supervised to achieve productive work.
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In McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y, what do Theory Y managers believe about team members?
They believe they can be trusted to work toward the project's goals and require little motivation
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What are the two sets of factors in Contingency Theory that predict a leader's effectiveness?
- Whether he is task-oriented or relationship-oriented
- Workplace factors like stress level
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According to Contingency Theory, would a high-stress work environment favor a task-oriented or relationship-oriented leadership style?
Task-oriented
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In Herzberg's Motivation-Hygene Theory, which set of factors can not motivate by themselves, but will demotivate if absent?
Hygene factors
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In Herzberg's Motivation-Hygene Theory, which set of factors can motivate but only if the other factors are established first?
Motivation factors
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Give some examples of Hygene factors in Herzberg's Motivation-Hygene Theory:
- Company Policy
- Supervision
- Good relationship with boss
- Working conditions
- Paycheck
- Personal life
- Status
- Security
- Relationship with co-workers
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Give some examples of Motivation factors in Herzberg's Motivation-Hygene Theory:
- Achievement
- Recognition
- Work
- Responsibility
- Advancement
- Growth
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What are the 3 primary needs to motivate employees according to McClelland's Three Need Theory (aka Achievement Theory)?
- Achievement
- Power
- Affiliation
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What are the 5 different Forms of Power?
- Reward power
- Expert power
- Legitimate power
- Referent power
- Punishment power
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Which 2 forms of power does the PMP exam most favor?
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Which form of power does the PMP exam LEAST favor?
Punishment power
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What is legitimate power?
It is power afforded a manger by his position
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What is referent power?
It is respect based on charisma, persuasive ability or alignment with a more powerful person
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What is the primary focus of Manage Project Team
Ensuring that the team performs according to the plan
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What is the difference between Develop Project Team and Manage Project Team?
DPT focuses on team building and optimization. MPT focuses on team performance VERSUS THE PLAN.
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What are the 3 key inputs to Manage Project Team?
- Project Staff Assignments
- Team Performance Assessments
- Performance Reports (i.e measurement of scope, time, cost vs plan)
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What are the 4 key tools used by Manage Project Team?
- Project Performance Appraisals (ex: 360 degree reviews)
- Conflict Management
- Issue Log
- Interpersonal Skills
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What are the 5 methods (good and bad) for conflict management?
- Problem-Solving
- Compromise
- Forcing
- Smoothing
- Withdrawal
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Which method of conflict management is most favored by PMP and why?
Problem-Solving - it is proactive, deals with the root of the problem, and doesn't avoid it.
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What is the flaw with Compromise as a conflict management technique?
It may result in a lose-lose situation
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Which conflict management techique is considered the worst by PMP?
Forcing
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What is the flaw with Smoothing as a conflict management technique?
It only downplays the conflict and doesn't produce a solution
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What is the flaw with Withdrawal as a conflict management technique?
It doesn't resolve the problem, it just avoids it.
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Define 8 constructive team roles
- Initiators
- Information seekers
- Information givers
- Encouragers
- Clarifiers
- Harmonizers - enhances information to improve understanding
- Summarizers - restate details succinctly and relate to big picture
- Gate Keepers - "we haven't heard from joe yet today..."
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Define 7 destructive team roles
- Aggressors - openly hostile and opposed to project
- Blockers - block access to info
- Withdrawers
- Recognition Seekers - what's in it for ME?
- Topic Jumper - change subject and bring up irrelevant facts
- Dominator - disrupts team participation and communication
- Devil's Advocate - automatically take contrary view
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50% of project conflicts come from what 3 sources?
- Human Resources
- Priorities
- Schedules
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What are 3 important forms of interpersonal skills?
- Leadership
- Influencing
- Effective Decision-Making
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Is a more direct, autocratic leadship style more beneficial at the beginning of a project or later on?
Direct leadership is most beneficial early on the project when uncertainty is greatest. Transition to a more participative leadership style later in the project may be appropriate.
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What is the key output from Manage Project Team?
Change Requests - generally for staff changes
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