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What is crime?
An act that violates the criminal law and is punishable by the state
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FBI's UCR - Rate
number of reported crimes, divided by total population, multiplied by 100,000
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FBI's UCR - Prevalence
proportion of a population committing crimes
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FBI's UCR - Incidence
frequencey or average number of offenses per offender
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Part 1 offenses
- Murder
- Non-negligent manslaughter
- Forcible rape
- Robbery
- Aggravated assault
- Burglary
- Larceny
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Part 2 offenses
- Other (simple) assaults
- Forgery/counterfeiting
- Embezzlement
- Stolen property
- Vandalism
- Weapons
- Prostitution
- Sex Offenses
- Drug Abuse Violations
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Reasons for not reporting crime
Victims least likely to report offenses that:
- –are attempts, only
- –are of little or no financial/physical loss
- –are non threatening to personal security
- –are viewed as not serious
- –do not involve a firearm
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Other reasons not to report crime
–Belief that police can do little to catch the violator
–Victims may be involved in criminal activity themselves
–Victims fear retaliationVictim’s view that police are insensitive
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Police recording practices are affected by
–philosophy of the department
–institutionalized political agenda
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NCVS (National Crime Victimization Survey)
Ongoing household survey since 1972
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UCR (Uniform Crime Report)
Collects data from local police department
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Methodological problems with NCVS
-Under reporting still occurs
-Overestimation can occur
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After the peak in 1990's, the crime rates have declined, due to:
–tougher sentencing
–more incarceration
–shrinking drug market
–more effort against misdemeanor crimes
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Racial categories used by FBI
White, Black, Asian, American Indian or Alaskan
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Regional homicide rates are highest and lowest where?
highest - South
Lowest - North East
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Regional property cime rates are highest where?
South and West
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How much more rape did the NCVS find in 2005 than was reported?
122%
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percentage of rapes that occur between strangers
42-53%
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percentage of robberies that occur between familiar people.
20-35%
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Other forms of violent crime
•Intimate Partner Violence
•Stalking is often accompanied by physical and/or sexual assault
•Hate Crimes may include a violent crime
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Forms of property crime
Burglary
Larceny
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Burglary?
-Usually planned
-No relationship between criminal and victim
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Larceny?
-Usually planned, but can be spontaneous
-Typically no prior relationship between parties
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What is the most violent group in the industrial world?
Young American Men
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Females are most arrested for?
Larceny
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