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What is the brand name, class of drug, and site of action of:
Acetazolamide?
- Diamox
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
- Proximal tubule
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What is the brand name, class of drug, and site of action of:
Methazolamide?
- Neptane
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
- Proximal tubule
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What is the usual dosing for Diamox and Neptane?
Diamox: 250mg 1-4x/d
Neptane: 50-100mg 2-3x/d
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What is the MOA of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?
Blocks NaHCO3 reabsorption by inhibiting carbonic anhydrase, which results in a renal loss of HCO3
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What is the brand name, class of drug, and site of action of:
Mannitol?
- Osmitrol
- Osmotic diuretic
- Thin descending limb, also at PT
-
What is the MOA of osmotic diuretics like osmitrol and urea?
Increases osmolarity of filtrate to hinder reabsorption of water
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Which class of diuretics may have an adverse effect of both hypoNa AND hyperNa, depending on the situation?
Osmotic diuretics
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What are the 3 classes of diuretics that may cause an adverse effect of hyperuricemia?
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
- Loop diuretics
- Thiazide diuretics
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What are the brand names for:
Bumetanide, Torsemide, Furosemide, and Etharcrynic Acid?
-
What is the MOA of loop diuretics?
Inhibits Na/K/2Cl symporter in the thick ascending limb, which inhibits NaCl reabsorption
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Which two classes of diuretics increases excretion of uric acid with acute administration, but decreases it excretion w/chronic adminstration of the drug?
Loop diuretics and thiazide diuretics
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What are the brand names for:
Chlorthiazide, Chlorthalidone, HCTZ, Indapamide, Metolazone?
- Diuril
- Hygroton
- HydroDiuril
- Lozol
- Zaroxolyn
-
What is the MOA of thiazide diuretics?
Inhibits NaCl reabsorption by blocking Na/Cl transporter in DCT
-
What is the brand name, class of drug, and site of action of:
Triamterene and Amiloride
- Dyrenium and Midamor
- K-sparing diuretics
- Collecting tubule
-
What is the MOA of K-sparing diuretics?
Blocks ENaC to compete w/Na
-
What is the brand name, class of drug, and site of action of:
Spironolactone and Eplerenone?
- Aldactone and Inspra
- Aldosterone antagonists
- Collecting tubule
-
What is the MOA of aldosterone antagonists?
Competitively inhibits binding of aldosterone to mineralcorticoid receptors (MR) which blocks Na reabsorption and K secretion
-
Name four major adverse effects of aldosterone antagonists?
- Gynecomastia
- Impotence
- Hirsutism
- HyperK
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Which two classes of diuretics produces mild diuresis and should be used in combo w/another diuretic?
K-sparing diuretics, aldosterone antagonists
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