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Messiah
Messiah is the chosen or anointed one
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Apocalypse
Apocalypse is one who looks to the end of the world
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Tanakh
Tanakh are the Jewish scriptures
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Asceticim
Asceticim is strick self denial and self disipline ex:Monks
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Mithras
Mithras share rituals with christianity such as baptism, fasting, communal meal and sacrifice for humanity
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Paul
Paul is often referred to as the co founder of christanity. Paul was schooled in Greek and Hebrew.
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Iconography
Iconography is the literal and symbolic meaning of subject matter
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catacombs
Catacombs are christian burial coffins often built under the cities
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Nave
A nave is a long colonnaded central hall within a basilica.
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Transept
The transept faces the east end of the church at the end f the nave and is rectangular in shape
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apse
apse is half moon in shape located beyond the transept and always faces est towards Jerusilum
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Clerestory
Clerestory are a row of windows at the top of the upper wall of the nave within the basilica. Light would enter through the windows and believed to be a representation of God.
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Constantine
Constantine established and legalized christianity. He is also know as the 3rd founder of christianity. He was involved in compiling the christian bible.
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Dogma
Dogma is the law of the religion, it what you believe.
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Justinian
Justinian is an emperior and establishes the golden age of Byzantium.
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Pendentives
Pendentives are triangular in shape & were added to the base of the dome shape structure to help form symmetry in a Byzantine church.
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Iconoclasm
Iconoclasm also known as to break images; was a policy that forbid the making of any new icons and the distruction of what was already there.
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Muhammad
Muhammad was born in Mecca (in modern day Saudi Arabia) and his parents died young so he was raised by his uncle. Muhammad was presented the Quran by God.
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Quran
Quran means recite. The Quran is the holy book of Islam and broken into 114 chapters or suras.
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Caliph
Caliph is the theocratic (political and spiritual thoughts) of Islam
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Sufism
sufism is the practised purification of the soul and mystical union with God through meditation, fasting and prayer
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Hajj
Hajj is a pilgrimage to Mecca to see the Kaaba and is required of every Muslim to partake in.
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Jihad
Jihad means struggle. Jihad represents all aspects of the Muslim drive toward moral and religious perfection including the spread of Islam.
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Mosque
Mosque is the officail Muslim place of worship.
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Mihrab
Mihrab is located in a Mosque and is a niche in the wall marking the direction toward Mecca
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qibla
qibla is a wall inside a mosque facing in the direction of Mecca
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Arabesque
Arabesque is the geometric floral pattern in Islamic art.
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Calligraphy
Calligraphy also known as beautiful writing used in Islamic art.
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Charlemagne
Charlemagne also known as Charles the Great, he establishes Holy Roman Empire, he was the most influencial of the Middle Ages.
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Feudalism
Feudalism is the relationship between the lord and vassel. Its dominates over the Middle Ages.
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Lord
Lord was the superior one of the Medieval hierarchical system over a vassel
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Vassal
Vassal serves the lord by fighting for him inexchange for fief.
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Serf
Serfs are peasants living in mannors providing the lord with tax money in exchange for the use of the land and military protection.
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Chivalry
Chivalry is a strict code of behavior that everyone had to follow in Feudal life.
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Chanson de geste
Chanson de geste means song of the deed or song of a heroic deeds represented in Song of Roland.
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illuminated manuscript
illuminated manuscript pages not only light up with the glimmer of the gold leaf in the candle but also enlightens the reader.
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Cloisonne
cloisonne' is enamelwork produced by pouring molten colored glass between thin gold or silver partitions
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Niello
Niello is a black sulfurous substance
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Vikings
Vikings are Germanic raiders from Scandinvavia
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L'Anse aux Meadows
L'Anse aux Meadows also known as Jellyfish Cove is the 1st European colony established in the "Americas".
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sacraments
Sacramnets are rituals associated with mass and there are 7 of them; baptism, confirmation, ordination, marriage, confession, Eucharist, and final absolution.
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monasticism
Monasticism is to be by yourself in the hills or country so you can focus and pray.
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William the Conqueror
William the conqueror takes over England in 1066 and is the Duke of Normandy
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indulgences
indulgences means that all your sins will be forgiven, its a get out of hell free card.
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primogeniture
primogeniture is the 1st male born in the family and will take over the power (younger sons and daughters get nothing)
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relics
relics are important body parts such as hair, nails, clothing ect. Relics are prized and treasured things brought back to the church
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heresy
heresy means the revealed truths of the Christian faith.
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excommunication
excommunication or kicked out of the church you can not receive sacraments so you dont have grace which means you cant go to heaven.
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guild
guild means to regulate the community.
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battle of universals
battle of universals
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thomas aquinas
Thomas Aquinas is a frier thats says you must have faith and reason. He is a monk who lives among people and is educated.
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tympanum
tympanum is the semicircular space within the arch of the protal and is represented as a raised relief.
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Gothic arch
Gothic arch or pointed arch is more pointed and supports more weight than the earlier arches.
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flying buttress
flying buttress are located on the exterior wall of a church to hold up or support the weight of the wall.
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gargoyle
gargoyle are waterspouts in the form of grotesque figures located in the upper portion of the exterior of a cathedral.
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Tempera
tempera is powdered pigment and they would add egg yoke (for a longer life) to the pigment and paint it onto the wood.
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