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endoparasite
parasites that live within the body of the host
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ectoparasite
parasite that lives on the outside body surface of its host
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helminths
worms found in GI tract, liver, lungs, and circulatory systems
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nematodes
round worms, including hooks, whips, heartworms, rounds
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cestodes
tapeworms - requires int host
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trematodes
flukes - requires int host
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protozoa
single-celled parasite - coccidia, giarrdia, toxoplasma
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antitrematodal
drugs used to eliminate trematodes
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praziquantels
treats both species of tapeworms (dipylidium and taenia)
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emodepside/praziquantel (Profender)
first topical dewormer for cats (rounds, hooks, and tape)
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Strongid, Nemex
pyrantel (treats rounds and hooks)
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Droncit
praziquantel (treats tapes)
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Filarabits Plus (Dogs)
DEC and oxybendazole (heartworm, rounds, hooks, whips, taenia)
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Heartgard for cats
ivermectin (heartworm only)
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Heartgard for dogs
ivermectin and pyrantel (heartworm, rounds and hooks)
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Interceptor for Dogs
milbemycin oxime (hearts, rounds, hooks, whips)
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Interceptor for cats
milbemycin oxime (hearts, rounds, hooks)
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Sentinel (dogs)
milbemycin oxime and lufenuron (hearts, rounds, hooks, whips, fleas)
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Revolution
- selemectin
- dogs- hearts, fleas, ear mites, sarcoptic mange, ticks
- cats- same but also rounds and hooks
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Advantage Multi for Dogs
imidacloprid and moxidectin (fleas, hearts, rounds, hooks, whips)
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Advantage Multi for cats
imidacloprid and moxidectin (fleas, hearts, rounds, hooks, ear mites)
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Program
lufenuron - fleas
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Advantage
imidacloprid - fleas
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Frontline Plus
fipronil - fleas, ticks, lice, aids in controlling sarcoptic mange in dogs
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adjuvant
substance that may be mixed with a vaccine that enhances the immune response by increasing the stability of that vaccine in the body
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active immunity
immunity that occurs from an animals own immune response after exposure to an antigen
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metastasis
generally refers to the spread of cancer cells from one site to another
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destruction of cancer cells systemically by administration of toxic drugs
actions not limited to cancer cells, but may damage healthy tissue
effects in animals not always the same as in humans
complications do occur- close patients monitoring is essential
SAFETY first
Chemotherapy Rules and Regs
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Cytoxan
akylating agent - drugs that inhibit cell division, cell death often follows
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Mexate
antimetabolites - drugs that block normal cellular functions
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vincristine
akyloids - drugs that cause cell death by inhibiting miosis
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adriamycin
antitumor antibiotic - drugs derived from soil fungi that bind with DNA and inhibit miosis
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interferon and Neupogen
2 drugs Biologic Response Modifiers - agents used to enhance the body's immune system
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prednisolone and estrogens and progestins
3 drugs Steroids - drugs used to exert anti-inflammatory and immunosuppresive effects, generally considered to be anti-inflammatory at low doses and immunosuppresive at high doses
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cyclosporine
immunosuppresive - drugs that are used to treat various immune-mediated disorders
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antihelmintic
drugs used to eliminate helminths from a host
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antinematodal
drug used to eliminate nematodes
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anticestodal
drug used to eliminate cestodes
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antiprotozoal
drug used to eliminate protozoans
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organophosphates
used against both endoparasites and ectoparasites
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macrolides
- group of drugs that includes antimicrobial agents (such as erythromycin) and antihelmintics
- Avermectins
- Milbemycins
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Immiticide
newer adulticide product, medication given by deep IM injections into the lumbar muscles
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Ivermectin
collies are sensitive to this microfilaricide
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synthetic pyrethroids, chlorinated hydrocarbons
2 insecticides not to be used on cats
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dip for Demodex and Sarcoptes
Mitaban
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vaccine
liquid preparation containing the modified of killed disease causing agent
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Polyvalent (Multiple agent) Vaccine
protects against several different diseases in one vaccine
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vaccination
act of administering a vaccine
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antigen
anything that stimulates an immune response, foreign invaders
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antibody
protein made in the body to counteract a specific antigen
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inactivated (killed) vaccine
made from microorganisms that have been chemically treated or heated to kill the microorganism
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Modified-Live (attenuated) vaccine
made from microorganisms that have a weakened form of pathogen
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recombinant vaccine
a gene or part of a microorganism is removed from one organism (usually the pathogen) and inserted into another
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toxoid vaccine
vaccine used for producing immunity to a toxin rather than a bacteria or virus
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passive immunity
immunity that occurs when an animal receives antibodies from another animal
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antitoxins
substances that contain antibodies obtained from a healthy animal that has been hyper sensitized to a particular toxin
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antiserum
antibody-rich serum obtained from a hyper sensitized or actually infected animal
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cancer
any of various malignant neoplasm's characterized by the proliferation of anaplastic cells that tend to invade surrounding tissue and metastasize to new body sites
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neoplasia
any new or abnormal growth of cells, specifically one in which cell multiplication is uncontrolled and progressive
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benign
not malignant, not recurrent, favorable for recovery, tends not to reoccur after surgical removal
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malignant
tending to become worse, usually resulting in death
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remission
condition where the disease diminishes or abates, but is not gone
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antineoplastic (chemotherapeutic) agents
drug use to stop the cancerous activity of malignant cells
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cytotoxic
agent capable of destroying cells
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